The Cold War: The Early Years

1. The Cold War: The Early Years 1943-1953

2. The Grand Alliance • Origins of the alliance • The Second Front • The Big Three • The War Time Conferences

3. The Tehran Conference • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

4. The Yalta Conference • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

5. Between Yalta and Potsdam • Roosevelt’s Death • Harry S. Truman • Germany surrendered unconditionally • Winston Churchill • Clement Atlee • Soviet Army occupied much of Germany • USA tested the atomic bomb

6. The Potsdam Conference (July 1945) • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

8. Key Developments 1946-1947 • Salami Tactics • Polish ‘Free Elections’ • Pressure on Iran • Greece and Turkey • Communist parties in Italy and France General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party: MátyásRákosi

9. The Next Step • Kennan’s Long Telegram: February 1946 • Insecurity • Stalin’s Ideology • “cruel and repressive” • “logic of force” • Containment

10. March 1946 • Winston Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/294419/Iron-Curtain

11. Isolationism to Intervention…again • The Truman Doctrine • March 12, 1947 • Problems in Greece • The British Response • The American Response

12. Dollar Imperialism? • The Marshall Plan • Help the USSR? • Stated goals of the plan • Dollar Imperialism • Soviet Foreign Minister Vyshinksy

13. The Marshall Plan • The Molotov Plan • Cominform • Stalin’s “Two Camp” Doctrine • COMECON

14. 1945-1947 • Red Army Occupation of Eastern Europe • Soviet Military Power • Salami Tactics • State police and security/spy networks • COMECON • The ‘Mr. X’ Article

15. February 1948 • The Czechoslovakian Coup • The Marshall Plan • Sense of Abandonment • Czech Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk • Truman’s Response

16. Berlin • Military Zones • The Allied Control Council (ACC) • Supply Shortages • Unifying Western Germany • Stalin’s Decision • The Berlin Blockade www.google.com/maps

17. The Berlin Blockade • Occupation Zones • Corridors • The Berlin Airlift • Stalin’s Response

18. Results of the Blockade • Continuation of the division of Germany • First Republic of Germany • Konrad Adenauer • German Democratic Republic • NATO

19. Conclusions • Communism VS Capitalism • Future of Containment • The Role of the United Nations

20. US Foreign Policy 1949-1950 • Optimism about Containment • “Ace Cards” • Power Shift • The Chinese Civil War • Mao Zedong • Chiang Kai-shek

21. Background • Japanese Rule • Soviet Influences (38th Parallel) • Communist Leader Kim Il Sung • President Syngman Rhee • Two Koreas

22. Background • Mutual Defense agreements • Problems within the UN • Soviet Boycotts • June 1950

23. Why did North Korea Invade South Korea? • Unification • The Soviet Response • Truman’s Response • “Police Action”

24. The Course of the War • The Initial Invasion • General Douglas MacArthur • Inchon to Seoul • The 38th Parallel • From Containment to Rollback

25. The Course of the War • Pyongyang • The Yalu River • November 1950: Help from China • Stalemate • MacArthur’s Dismissal • Peace Talks (1951) • Pressure on China • Armistice (July 1953)

26. Major Players • Kim Il Sung • Synghman Rhee • Josef Stalin • Mao Zedong

27. Results • The Spread of U.S. Forces • NATO • The Treaty of San Francisco, 1952 • The Isolation of China • SEATO

28. What Did The Korean War Mean? • For Korea? • For China? • For the USSR? • For Southeast Asia?

29. The Effects How did the Korean War impact the Cold War?

30. One more question……. Total War or Limited War?