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How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information?. Piaget’s Theory. Stage of formal operations Abstrac t thinking Idealism Hypothetical-deductive reasoning Develop and test hypotheses; deduce best ways to solve problems Challenges to Piaget’s ideas.
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How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information? Piaget’s Theory • Stage of formal operations • Abstract thinking • Idealism • Hypothetical-deductive reasoning • Develop and test hypotheses; deduce best ways to solve problems • Challenges to Piaget’s ideas
How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information? Adolescent Egocentrism • Heightened self-consciousness • Two types of social thinking • Imaginary audience • Believe others are as interested in them as they are in themselves • Personal fable • Sense of personal uniqueness and invulnerability
How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information? Information Processing • Improvements in • Memory • Decision making • Critical thinking
How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information? Decision Making • Increased decision making • Older adolescents better than younger adolescents at decision making • Adolescent decision making linked to some personality traits • Need opportunities to practice and discuss realistic decision making
How Do Adolescents Think and Process Information? Critical Thinking • Adolescence is important transitional period with increases in • Speed, automaticity, and capacity of information processing • Breadth of content knowledge • Ability to construct new combinations of knowledge • Range and more spontaneous use of strategies
Religious Beliefs and Parenting • Religion: created to socialize children • Most adults adopt the religion raised in • Affected by quality of parent-adolescent relationship; securely attached more likely to adopt parents’ choice • Religious changes and reawakenings most likely during adolescence
What Are Schools for Adolescents Like? Effective Middle Schools • Lessen impersonal nature; be smaller • Lower student-to-counselor ratios • Involve parents and community leaders • Develop challenging curricula • Team-teach in flexible curriculum blocks • More fitness and health programs
What Are Schools for Adolescents Like? Reducing the Dropout Rate • Provide effective programs in • Early reading and tutoring • Counseling and mentoring • Create caring environment • Offer community service opportunities • Implement early detection