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Unit 1 - Motion in a Straight Line

Unit 1 - Motion in a Straight Line. What is Motion?.

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Unit 1 - Motion in a Straight Line

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  1. Unit 1 - Motion in a Straight Line

  2. What is Motion? What is the physics of motion all about? Motion is part of the everyday physical world. We learn to walk, run, and drive without a formal understanding of the physics of motion. We do, however, have an intuitive idea of motion and its effects and causes. • Motion involves a change in the position of an object over time. • Motion can be described using mathematical relationships. • Many technologies that apply concepts related to motion have societal and environmental implications.

  3. What is Motion? • Everything in our universe is in a state of motion:Our solar system moves through space. • Earth revolves around the Sun while rotating about its own axis. • People, animals, air, and countless other objects move about on Earth’s surface. • The elementary particles that make up all matter, too, are constantly in motion. • Physicists call the study of motion kinematics.

  4. 1.1 Distance, Position, & Displacement To understand the motion of objects, we must first be able to describe motion. Physicists use a number of specific terms and units to describe motion. Physical quantities can be classified as either scalar quantities or vector quantities. • A scalar quantity has magnitude (size) only. For example, a distance of 2.5 m, a speed of 23 m/s, a time interval of 15 s. • A vector quantity has magnitude (size) and also a direction. For example, a displacement of 2.5 m[N], a velocity of 23 m/s[E], a force of 15 N[S]. • Directions for vectors are often expressed in square brackets. An arrow above a variable indicates it is a vector quantity.

  5. 1.1 Distance, Position, & Displacement • Distance () is the total length of the path travelled by an object in motion. It is a scalar quantity. SI units - metres (m). • Position () is the distance and direction of an object from a particular point of reference. It is a vector quantity. SI units - metres (m). • The position of the school is 500 m [E] of home. • The position of the school is 700 m [W] of the library.

  6. 1.1 Distance, Position, & Displacement • Displacement () is the change in an object’s position. It is a vector quantity. SI units - metres (m). • When an object changes its position more than once, the total displacement can be found by adding each of the individual displacements.

  7. 1.1 Distance, Position, & Displacement • SP #1-4 p.10-11

  8. 1.1 Vector Scale Diagrams Earlier we used algebra do determine the displacement of an object in a straight line. Vector Scale Diagrams are another method we can use to solve displacement problems. • A vector is physically represented using a directed line segment. • A directed line segment has a tail at its starting point and a tip at its endpoint.

  9. 1.1 Vector Scale Diagrams • A vector scale diagram is drawn using a specific scale you establish. Be sure to use an appropriate scale. • Vectors are always added tip-to-tail! • is measured from the tail of your starting vector to the tip of your final vector. • SP #1 p.12

  10. 1.1 Homework • Practice # 2,3 p.11 • Practice # 2 p.13 • Questions #1-4, 5bd, 6 p.13

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