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Power System Restoration

Power System Restoration. Kevin Schneider, Chen-Ching Liu University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering. Status Data and Analog Measurements. Voltage, Current, Power Limit Checking. All Operating Constraints Satisfied. Operating Constraint's) Violated. Loss of Load.

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Power System Restoration

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  1. Power System Restoration Kevin Schneider, Chen-Ching Liu University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering

  2. Status Data and Analog Measurements Voltage, Current, Power Limit Checking All Operating Constraints Satisfied Operating Constraint's) Violated Loss of Load Security Assessment System Restoration Emergency Control / Load Management Overview

  3. Restoration Constraints • Main power converter startup time • Communications start up time • Maximum dv/dt • Node voltage limits

  4. Main Power Converter Startup Time • 10-15 second startup delay from when power is applied to the backbone • During this time: • Startup supply capacitor charges to 48V • SCRs begin to fire at 45V • Startup power supply energized • Main power converter control circuits energized

  5. Communications Startup Time • Approximately ½ to 1 minute for the communications system to power up

  6. Maximum DV/DT • PN junctions in solid state components are sensitive to high values of DV/DT • DI/DT will not be a concern for the NEPTUNE systems backbone solid state components

  7. Node Voltage Limits • If node voltage drops below≈ 5600V the control circuit will drop out and the converter will turn off • Voltage cannot exceed certain levels or there could be arc over • There will be an acceptable band of operation that must be adhered to

  8. Security Analysis

  9. Security Analysis Cont. • Switching Action- For a restorative action there may be several possible ways to restore the system. • Feasibility- A portion of these actions will place the system in insecure configuration for some period of time. Only switch actions which do not violate any constraint can be allowed. Note: a system may meet all 4 constrains but be operating in an insecure condition

  10. Contingency Selection • Before a switching action is performed the effect of the following must be considered for the new topology • Loss of shore station • Loss of shallow water links or deep water links • Significant load increase • Node failures • Others

  11. Black Start Example • Only the shore stations have power • After a node is fully energized, 4 kW of scientific load is applied to that node

  12. System Start-up From Black Start Ensuring Voltage Limits Victoria 18V 72V 185V Nedonna Beach 942

  13. Summary • Before every switching action • Ensure all 4 constraints are meet • Ensure transition is to a secure situation

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