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AMERICAN LITERATURE, AN OVERVIEW

AMERICAN LITERATURE, AN OVERVIEW. PRE-HISTORY - PRESENT. TAKING NOTES. You are to view this presentation and listen as the instructor speaks. PAY ATTENTION. Take notes – write down the important facts and info.

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AMERICAN LITERATURE, AN OVERVIEW

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  1. AMERICAN LITERATURE, AN OVERVIEW PRE-HISTORY - PRESENT

  2. TAKING NOTES • You are to view this presentation and listen as the instructor speaks. PAY ATTENTION. • Take notes – write down the important facts and info. • If the instructor adds information that sounds important or helps you to connect to the topic, include it. • If you miss something, either get it from a neighbor at the end of class, or view this presentation on Mrs. Utley’s website. It can be found by following the links for English 10 homework at: http://www.asdk12.org/staff/utley_amy/

  3. ERAS

  4. PRE-HISTORY • NATIVE AMERICAN MYTHOLOGY • BEFORE EUROPEAN INVASION (pre-1620) • CHARACTERISTICS: • CREATION STORIES – “How did __________ come to be?” • NATURE as TEACHER/COMPANION • STYLE/GENRE: • Oral Tradition – Not recorded until later

  5. ENLIGHTENMENT • CHARACTERISTICS • INDEPENDENCE • From Catholic Church • From aristocracy • DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCES • TWO PHASES • AGE OF FAITH • AGE OF REASON

  6. AGE OF FAITH(1620-1750) • CHARACTERISTICS: • PURITANS AND PILGRIMS • Differed from Catholics – personal relationship with God. No priest needed. • Puritan Work Ethic - salvation through work and religious devotion. • STYLES/GENRES • SERMONS, DIARIES, LETTERS, POEMS • RELIGIOUS, STYLE IS DIRECT

  7. AGE OF REASON(1750-1800) • CHARACTERISTICS • SCIENCE AND LOGIC TEMPER RELIGION • IDEALISTIC PHILOSOPHY – POWER OF THE INIDIVIDUAL • STYLES/GENRES • PAMPHLETS, SPEECHES, DOCUMENTS • INSTRUCTIVE, INFORMATIVE, ORNATE • Declaration of Independence

  8. ROMANTICISM 1800-1855 • CHARACTERISTICS: • ASSERTION OF THE HUMAN SPIRIT • INSTINCT AND IMAGINATION OVER FACT • DEVELOPMENT OF SYMBOLISM • STYLE/GENRE: • SHORT STORIES/NOVELS • WRITERS: • Nathaniel Hawthorne • Edgar Allan Poe – Father of American Short Story

  9. GOTHIC(Sub-genre of romanticism) • CHARACTERISTICS: • DARK SIDE OF ROMANTIC LIT • MAN HAS BOTH GOOD AND EVIL ATTRIBUTES • SETTING – DARK, SPOOKY (CATHEDRALS, CASTLES, RAIN, ISOLATION • INCORPORATES SUPERNATURAL

  10. TRANSCENDENTALISM(1840-1855) • CHARACTERISTICS: • MOVEMENT OF LITERARY ACADEMICS CENTERED IN NEW ENGLAND (BOSTON • RALPH EMERSON – FATHER OF MOVEMENT • TRUTH – TRANSCENDSFACT / TRUST INTUITION • INDIVIDUALS MUST WORK TO UNDERSTAND SELF AND THE WORLD AROUND HIM/HER. • KEY WRITERS: • HENRY DAVID THOREAU, WALT WHITMAN

  11. REALISM1850-1915 • CHARACTERISTICS: • FOCUS ON THE LIVES OF ORDINARY PEOPLE • ANTI-MATERIALISM • OFTEN AIMS TO SOLVE A SOCIAL PROBLEM • STYLE /GENRES: • USED REGIONAL DIALECTS – the way people actually spoke • REFLECTION OF LIFE AS IT IS • WRITERS: • MARK TWAIN, FREDRICK DOUGLAS

  12. NATURALISM(SUB-GENRE OF REALISM) • CHARACTERISTICS: • DARKER FORM OF REALISM • FREE WILL IS AN ILLUSION • STYLE / GENRE: • THEMES OF SURVIVAL, FATE, NATURE AS AN INDIFFERENT FORCE • WRITERS: • STEPHAN CRANE, JACK LONDON

  13. MODERNISM(1915-1945) • CHARACTERISTICS: • BREAK WITH TRADITION, RISE OF NEW YOUTH • RESPONSE TO WW’s I & II • ALIENATION • “JAZZ AGE” • GENRE /STYLE: • HIGHLY EXPERIEMENTAL – STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS • USE OF FRAGMENTS/ALTERNATE PUNCTUATION

  14. FAMOUS “MODERNISTS” • ERNEST HEMINGWAY • F. SCOTT FITZGERALD • JOHN STEINBECK • WILLIAM FAULKNER • E E CUMMINGS • T.S.ELIOT

  15. HARLEM RENAISSANCE(1915-1929) • CHARACTERISTICS: • SURGE OF NEW ART (LITERATURE, MUSIC, DANCE, THEATRE) BEGUN IN HARLEM, N.Y. • GENRE/STYLE: • LITERATURE, DANCE, MUSIC HEAVILY INFLUENCED BY JAZZ

  16. CONTEMPORARY AGE(1945-PRESENT) • CHARACTERISTICS: • INCREASED MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY • VALUES ARE NOT PERMANENT • ANTI-HERO • SEEKING SOCIAL CHANGE • GENRE/STYLE: • EMERGENCE OF SCI-FI/FANTASY AND HORROR

  17. CONTEMPORARY WRITERS • JOHN UPDIKE • TRUMAN CAPOTE • JOYCE CAROL OATES • STEPHEN KING

  18. FUTURE • WHAT NEW FORMS OF LITERATURE MIGHT EMERGE IN THE FUTURE? • IN WHAT WAYS HAS THE INTERNET BEGUN TO AFFECT AMERICAN WRITING? • IN WHAT WAY(S) DO YOU FORESEE POLITICAL AND CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION AFFECTING THE LITERATURE OF TOMORROW?

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