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Domestic Animal Genetic Resources at Risk

Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity for Food Security: A Contribution from the FAO PAIA Biodiversity. Exotic genetic resources not sustainable Indiscriminate crossbreeding Genetic resources for future needs. Domestic Animal Genetic Resources at Risk. Desirable commitments by governments.

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Domestic Animal Genetic Resources at Risk

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  1. Mainstreaming Agricultural Biodiversity for Food Security: A Contribution from the FAO PAIA Biodiversity

  2. Exotic genetic resources not sustainable Indiscriminate crossbreeding Genetic resources for future needs Domestic Animal Genetic Resources at Risk Desirable commitments by governments • Include stakeholders in decision-making • Identification of sources of funding • Support breeder associations • Strengthen extension services

  3. The ecological reality:Multi-trophic food webs

  4. Soil Biodiversity From Micro-organisms e.g. bacteria + fungi Micro & meso-fauna protozoa, nematodes to acari & springtails ...Roots in the soil and their interactions with species above & below ground Macro-fauna e.g. ants, termites, earthworms

  5. Mosaic landscapes and Community Biodiversity Registers Variations in land use and deployment of agricultural biodiversity characterize culturally maintained landscapes. Ex. Andean landscape mosaics (Terrazas and Valdivia 1998)

  6. Dietary energy supply can be satisfied without diversity Micronutrient supply (including essential fatty acids and amino acids) cannot Wild and domesticated species and intraspecies biodiversity play key roles in global food security Different species or varieties have significantly different nutrient contents Dietary Diversity Issues

  7. Gender issues in Agrobiodiversity management and the impact of HIV/AIDS How does HIV/AIDS impact on PGR? Less labour Loss of knowledge Reduction in land cultivated Less labour intensive crops Reduction in crop range and variety Loss of genetic diversity

  8. MARKETING BIODIVERSITY WITH ORGANIC AGRICULTURE ORGANIC MARKET $29B. Organic standards Temporal and spatial species assemblages Organic pest management Organic soil fertilization Agro- biodiversity Pollinators Pest predators Soil micro- organisms New food items valued by markets Ecosystem services enhance productivity Farmers stewardship rewarded

  9. Recommendations • Biologists, agronomists, engineers, chemists to work as a team • “Filière” work: from the field to the market. Sustainable agronomic production practices – sustainable processing practices – sustainable and new market opportunities ( Three R concept: Renew – Reuse – Recycle) • Enhance the political and environmental compatibility of international commitments such as the Ecosystem Approach with the implementation of the Convention on the Protection of the Alps (Alpine Convention started in 1951 and covers an area of 20 M. ha inhabited by 15 M. people in 8 states, 53 regions and 5800 communities).

  10. Workshop on Agrobiodiversity, Bamako 15th to 19th December 2003 Participants coming from a range of countries: • 5 focal countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania and Senegal. • 10 observer countries Participants representing a diversity of official institutions and civil society: People and Biodiversity • Focal points • Line Ministries • National, regional and international NGOs and Networks • Research Centres • Funding agencies

  11. The National Agricultural Biodiversity Programme in Lao PDR Overall aim: To develop a strategic approach and framework to better use, develop and conserve agricultural biodiversity in support of national priorities for food security and rural development. • Provides: • an ‘umbrella’ for the development of potential projects/initiatives • linked to the Lao PDR National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan • NABP, the FIRST programme to support NBSAP

  12. The National Agricultural Biodiversity Programme (cont’d) NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY PROGRAMME CROP AND CROP ASSOCIATED BIODIVERSITY LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS AND OTHER TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY SUSTAINABLE USE AND CONSERVATION OF AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY HOUSEHOLD-BASED INTEGRATED AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS INTEGRATED PARTICIPATORY PLANNING APPROACHES MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS

  13. Changes in the habitat will affect the average sustainable yield. Different fisheries are linked through catches and through the food web. All human goals for an ecosystem cannot be simultaneously achieved. Uncertainty is a primary factor influencing our ability to manage capture fisheries As a result while conventional methods may work in the short-term, they are likely to result in long-term changes in nature and productivity. Implications of Ecosystem Interactions for Traditional Fisheries Management Agricultural Biodiversity Different agroecosystems are linked through food webs. agricultural biodiversity

  14. Recommendations • A “State of the World’s Agricultural Biodiversity” should focus on the ecosystem interactions (previous slide) among inter-dependent components of agricultural biodiversity, building on the continuing work of SoW Plant, Animal GR • The Commission CAN monitor, enable, and facilitate national agricultural biodiversity programmes through case studies of policy reform, information exchange, and technical reviews. . . . . . as a core element of a multi-year plan of work

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