The Global Strategy for the Management of Farm Animal Genetic Resources

1. The Global Strategy for theManagement of Farm Animal Genetic Resources State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

2. Justification • Farm AnGR account for 30 to 40% of total agricultural outputs • Increasing demand in animal products is being fueled by population growth, urbanization and rising incomes • Intensification and industrialization of livestock production systems is occurring with more uniformity of breeds State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

3. Justification (continued) • In developed countries: concentration on a few high input / high output breeds and replacement of locally adapted breeds • In developing world: traditional production systems are transforming and use of exotic breeds is promoted, leading to dilution or loss of locally adapted breeds; few to no breeds are being effectively developed • Need to better take into account all costs, outputs, and life-time contributions of livestock to the community, and to evaluate breeds based on this full range of contributions State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

4. Justification (continued) • Reduction in global food security especially in areas where high input/high output breeds are less adapted • Loss of community identity • Farmers are becoming less able to respond to changes in consumers demands State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

5. Justification (continued) • Environmental stress factors will remain or increase in most parts of the world for the near and medium future • Consumer demands will continue to change • Climate Change will pose new challenges • Farmers continue to need access to a diversified gene pool State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

6. Rationale and Role of the Global Strategy • Provide a framework for establishing national, regional and global policies, strategies and actions; • Facilitate and co-ordinate the activities of organizations interested in AnGR within the framework of sustainable agriculture and rural development; • Assist countries in developing capacity to manage AnGR through planning, designing, and implementing sustainable livestock production systems; • Promote sustainable approaches for breed use and development; • Promote establishment of cost-effective approaches for conserving AnGR. State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

7. Development of the Global Strategy Global Focal Point (GFP) established at FAO Headquarters in Rome in 1993 to: • to develop framework for the GS • to initiate development of constituents of the GS: • country-based global infrastructure • information and communication system • early warning and early reaction system • technical guidelines to manage AnGR State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

8. Constituents of the Global Strategy • An inter-governmental support mechanism to enable direct government involvement and ensure continuity of policy advice and support; • A planning and implementation structure to provide enabling framework for country action and regional and global support; • A technical programme of interdependent activities to better characterize, use, develop and conserve AnGR; • A reporting component to aid action planning, and to monitor and evaluate progress; State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

9. Inter-governmental Mechanism Technical Programme of Work Components Country-based Planning & Implementation Infrastructure Reporting & Evaluation Constituents of the Global Strategy for the Management ofFarm Animal Genetic Resources Elements National Management Plans for AnGR The Commission on Genetic Resources for Food & Agriculture First Report State of the World’s AnGR Global Focal Point Sustainable Intensification Country Reports Inter-Governmental Technical Working Group on Animal Genetic Resources Regional Focal Points Characterization Country & Global Monitoring Conservation National Governments National Focal Points Communication Emergency Plans & Response Donor & Stakeholders Involvement Mechanism World Watch List - Early Warning System DAD-IS State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

10. Constituents of the Global Strategy for the Management of Farm Animal Genetic Resources Cross-cutting activities Capacity Building: Training & Education Guidelines Data & Information Management Technology Transfer Research Communications & co-ordination Technical Assistance: FAO Experts Informal Panel of Experts Cadres of Experts Expert Meetings Advanced Data & Information Software Research State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

11. The intergovernmental support mechanism • The Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (CGRFA): • Co-ordination for policy, sectoral issues, and matters related to sustainable use of AnGR and conservation • The Intergovernmental Technical Working Group on AnGR (ITWG-AnGR): • Review the GS and issues related to AnGR • Make recommendations to the CGRFA for further development and implementation of the GS • The National Governments: • Draft and implement national policies and strategies for sustainable development and conservation of AnGR State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

12. The planning and implementation structure • National Focal Points: develop Country Network, co-ordinate country activities, identify capacity building needs, assist with development and implementation of policy, interface with stakeholders, regional focal point and global focal point. • Regional Focal Points: facilitate communication, initiate development of regional policy, assist in identification of priorities, interact with government, donors, NGOs; • Global Focal Point: leads planning, development and implementation of the GS, directs development and maintenance of DAD-IS, develops guidelines, mobilizes donor resources, etc; State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

13. The planning and implementation structure (continued) • Donor and Stakeholder Involvement Mechanism: provides a means for donors and stakeholders to have opportunities to influence design and implementation of the GS, and to become more directly involved • DAD-IS: provides countries with advanced communication and information tools (on-line databases, guidelines, reports), country secure storage and communication of AnGR data and information, and a basis for an early warning and reaction system system for AnGR, with countries being increasingly involved in the System’s further development; also has a Moderator for day-to-day direct assistance of countries and regions State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

14. The technical programme of activities - emphasizing the importance of ‘Adaptive Fitness’ to AnGR Management • Preparation of national management plans for AnGR • Characterization of breeds and production systems • Active and sustainable use and development of AnGR • Conservation of AnGR • Communication State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

15. The reporting component • First Report on the State of the World’s AnGR; and its preceding Strategic Priority Action Report • Country Reports • Country and Global Monitoring • World Watch List for DAD  Early Warning and Early Reaction System State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

16. Capacity building cross-cutting component • Training and education • Development of Country Networks • Development of guidelines • Data, information management • Communication and coordination of activities • Technology transfer State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

17. Technical assistance cross-cutting component • FAO backstopping assistance • Informal panel of experts • Research support • Advanced data and information software State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

18. How will the SoW-AnGR Reporting Process advance the Global Strategy? • Enhanced country capacity to manage AnGR • Activation or development of Country Networks to address policy, technical and operational issues of AnGR Management • Regional and Country Workshops State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

19. How will the SoW-AnGR Reporting Process advance the Global Strategy? • Development of National Databanks within DAD-IS • Designed to capture and collate existing information on management of AnGR • Greater capacity to manage, update, and analyse country data, and to prepare project proposals • Trends over time measure success State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources

20. How will the SoW-AnGR Reporting Process advance the Global Strategy? • Creation of a Strategic Policy Document on Management of National AnGR to: • Provide direction • Clarify needs and priorities • Identify high-priority Follow-up Actions State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources