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Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

Part 2: Density and Buoyancy What is density? Density is another measure scientists use to compare fluids Density is the mass of a substance in a fixed volume It is measured in g/ml for liquids and gases and g/ cubic centimeter for solids Mass and weight are not the same

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Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

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  1. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy What is density? • Density is another measure scientists use to compare fluids • Density is the mass of a substance in a fixed volume • It is measured in g/ml for liquids and gases and g/ cubic centimeter for solids • Mass and weight are not the same • Mass is the amount of matter in a substance and weight is the force of gravity exerted on a substance Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  2. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Calculating Density • With our exploration of the mass/volume relationship using water and Lego blocks we discovered that the mass/volume relationship remains constant for each particular substance • We discovered that the density of pure water is 1.0 g/ml • To calculate density we use the density formula triangle Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  3. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Density Applications • What happens when you mix substances together of different densities? • This concept was explored in our Density Tower demonstration • Substances of greater density will sink to the bottom and substances of less density will float on top • Is it possible for solids to have less density than liquids? Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  4. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Types of Buoyancy • Buoyancy is defined as a floating force which opposes the force of gravity • There are three types of buoyancy: positive buoyancy, neutral buoyancy, and negative buoyancy • Identify examples of each type of buoyancy: Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  5. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Buoyancy Applications • Archimedes was a scientist that discovered several key principles about buoyancy • He discovered that water can be used to measure the volume of irregular shaped objects using DISPLACEMENT • His key principle (ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE) discovered in the bathtub states: the buoyant force acting on an object = the weight of the fluid displaced by the object Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  6. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Buoyancy Applications • Archimedes principle has many direct applications e.g ship builders • It is possible to alter the buoyancy of a fluid consider the floating egg experiment • How did the salt effect the buoyancy of the egg? Why ? Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

  7. Part 2: Density and Buoyancy Buoyancy Applications • There are tools used to measure fluid buoyancy • These tools are called hydrometers • These tools have many commercial applications such as in the food and beverage industry and by mechanics • The hydrometer floats at a higher level in more dense fluids and sinks in less dense fluids Explain why? Gr. 8 Science: Fluids

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