Amber LeCroy & Jered Lee

1. Amber LeCroy&Jered Lee Racquetball Cognitive Assessment Results

2. Exam Results: (+) bonus (-) no bonus (1/2) partial bonus

3. Racquetball Test DIRECTIONS: Read all directions fully and carefully. PRINT your answers neatly in the spaces provided. 10 Multiple Choice: (3 pts each) Each question will have one correct answer. Circle the best answer and place the letter in the blank to the left of the question. ____1. Which of the following is NOT a serve used in racquetball? a. Drive Serve b. Half Lob c. Jump Serve d. Hard Z Drive ____ 2. In a regular, non-tiebreaker game, what is the number of time outs allotted per game, per person? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

4. ____ 3. What is the time duration of a timeout? a. 30 seconds b. 45 seconds c. 1 minute d. 2 minutes  ____ 4. Which of the following is a reason for a change of possession? a. Returning a serve after one ball bounce b. Using a drive serve as the initial serve to start the game. c. Returning a serve from the back wall. d. Calling a timeout after the server has begun serving motion. ____ 5. A regular non-tiebreaker game is played to how many points? a. 11 b. 15 c. 21 d. 25 ____ 6. A tiebreaker game is played to how many points? a. 11 b. 15 c. 21 d. 25

5. ____ 7. Which of the following does NOT result in a penalty? a. Serving a ball outside of the service zone b. Using your body to block an opponent’s shot c. Hitting the ball after one bounce d. Unsportsmanlike conduct ____ 8. A match is won by winning how many games? a. 2 out of 3 b. 3 out of 5 c. 4 out of 7 d. 5 out of 8 ____ 9. Which of the following is NOT considered a defective serve? a. Dead-ball serve b. Fault serve c. Interrupted serve d. Out serve ____ 10. What war was the United States involved in when racquetball was created? a. WW1 b. WW2 c. Korean War d. Vietnam

6. 10 True & false:(3 pts each) Choose the best answer. Write the FULL word in the space provided. Example:True false_11. Points can be scored by either the server or receiver. true_ 12. Loss of apparel or equipment results in a penalty hinder. true_ 13. Profanity may result in a technical foul. true_ 14. The referee may take away a point for a technical foul. false_ 15. Game ball is selected by the player who wins coin toss. false_ 16. Racquets must be 24 inches in length. false_ 17. In relation to doubles play, teams may decide in what order players will serve between rallies. true_ 18. Tennis pro Joseph G. Sobek created the game of “paddle rackets” in 1949. true_ 19. “Paddle rackets” was given its’ modern name of racquetball by a man named Bob McInerny. true_ 20. Racquetball became recognized as an Olympic sport in 1987.

7. 5 Matching:(5 pts each) Below questions 20-25 are 5 terms. Each question/statement has one correct answer. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of the correct answer in the corresponding blank. C_ 21. One of several sessions of play; completed when an opponent cannot return the ball before the ball hits the floor twice. A_ 22. Area of the court that players must serve from. E_ 23. A penalty hindrance. B_ 24. Using the head of the racquet to return a ball. D_ 25. The result of a broken ball. Key: A. Drive service zone B. Legal hit C. Rally D. Dead ball serve E. Stamping feet to distract opponent

8. ESSAY: (15 pts): Explain the importance of using angles and your opponent’s position as it relates to shot selection. Angles - Using angles prevents shot predictability and makes the ball more difficult for the opponent to return Example: Hard z drive Position - Players/teams should try and maintain a centered position in the court so that they may quickly move from one area to another. Example: If the opposing team is positioned near the front wall, you would want to hit the ball so that it goes behind them, thereby forcing them to react in such a way that makes for a difficult return.

9. Problems/Corrections Problem: Incomplete Test Correction • - Test missing questions 11-25 (true/false & matching) • Original 100 points possible, only 45 available • Doubled student number of correct points for a total of 95 points • Added 5 point bonus for following directions • Administered full test to absent student

10. Problems/Corrections Problem: Incomplete Study Guide Correction • Missing information prevented students from answering questions • Revised study guide • Administered full test to absent student with revised study guide

11. Study Guide: Information highlighted in red was missing/added/edited Racquetball Objectives At the end of this unit, the students will be able to… Psychomotor 1) Properly grip racquet 2) Demonstrate two different types of serves 3) Return a serve Cognitive 1) Explain the importance of your opponent’s position when selecting your shot 2) Explain the importance of angles in relation to serving or returning a serve 3) List 3 rules regarding the scoring process Affective 1) Display good sportsmanship toward your opponent 2) In doubles play, establish good communication with your partner 3) Don’t argue with the ref

12. History Joe Sobek is credited with creating the sport of racquetball. His idea started in 1949 with paddle rackets with strings being produced by the New Jersey Magnum Co. during their down time due to the Korean War. The ball that is used currently was first named the Sobek ball, named after the game’s creator, Joe Sobek. The game was originally called “paddle rackets” until given its’ modern name of racquetball by tennis pro Bob McInerny. In 1968, the National Paddle Racquet Association was formed and was later renamed the International Racquetball Association in 1971. Today, the organization is known as USA Racquetball. By 1987 racquetball had gained Olympic recognition. Rules The object of the game is to be the first to score 15 points in 2 out of 3 games. The serve is determined by a coin toss at the beginning of the game. The winner of the toss will choose to serve or receive. Points can only be attained by the server. The server retains possession until the opponent forces a side-out, at which time, the serve possession will be awarded to the opponent. Points are scored by side-outs, or two ball bounces in which an opponent cannot return a hit in bounds. Each team (person) has three 30-second time-outs per game and 2 time-outs each in a tiebreaker game. A time-out cannot be called after the server has begun serve motion. A two-minute rest period is allotted between each game. A tiebreaker game is played to 11 points rather than 15.

13. Play Regulations (As outlined by Racquetball Equipment & USAR) Rallies A rally is the period of play that begins with the successful return of a serve and ends upon an unsuccessful return which includes: a) Legal hits. Players may only strike the ball using the head of the racquet. Players may not hit ball with any part of the body or uniform and may not remove the safety cord from their wrist. b) One touch. Teams may only touch/strike the ball once on any return attempt. c) Failure to return. Receiving team is unable to return the ball before the ball contacts floor twice. Serves Serve is determined by a coin toss at the beginning of a match. Winner chooses to serve or receive. In doubles play, teams will notify the referee on the order of their serve. a) Drive Serve- Ball contacts front wall low and fast and ideally hits the floor low just beyond the service line. b) Hard Z Drive- Ball contacts front wall, bounces off to a side wall, contacts floor, hits opposite wall and finally hits the back wall in a “z” formation. c) Half Lob- Ball contacts wall high, lobs up and contacts floor close to side wall and ends in corner of back wall d) Dead ball serve- court hinders and broken ball e) Defective serves- include dead ball serves, fault serves and out serves

14. Technical Fouls & Penalties Any of the following may result in the loss of a rally. Technical Fouls At any point, at the referee’s discretion, if a player/team commits a technical fouling violation, he/she has the authority to deduct one point from or call the match against the offending player/team, which will result in an automatic loss. The following are a list of reasons for technical fouls: 1. profanity 2. arguing 3. threats 4. delay of game 5. unsportsmanlike behavior

15. Penalty Hinders a) Failure to move. Failure to move out of opponent’s way. Prevents opponent from having a clear shot. b) Stroke interference. Preventing opponent from having a free swing by moving or not moving out of the way. c) Blocking. Getting in the way of a player to block their shot. d) Moving into the ball. After striking the ball, player moves into position to be hit by the ball, preventing opposing player from returning the ball. e) Pushing. f) Intentional distractions. Includes: Screaming, stamping feet, flailing arms, etc.. g) Wetting the ball. h) View Obstruction. Preventing opposing player from having a clear line of sight before their shot. i) Apparel or equipment loss.

16. Equipment (As outlined by USAR) Ball Specifications (a) The standard racquetball shall be 2 1/4 inches in diameter; weigh approximately 1.4 ounces; have a hardness of 55-60 inches durometer; and bounce 68-72 inches from a 100-inch drop at a temperature of 70-74 degrees Fahrenheit.(b) Only a ball having the approval of the USAR may be used in a USAR sanctioned tournament. Ball Selection The ball is selected by the referee at the beginning of each match. The ball may be replaced at the referee’s discretion or by request from a team. The ball must be replaced if it is deemed unfit for play (erratic bouncing, out of round, etc.). Racquet Specifications The racquet’s total length cannot exceed 22 inches. This includes the bumper guards, handles, etc. The frame of the racquet may be constructed of any material deemed safe for play. The handle of a racquet must have a cord or lanyard that attaches to the player’s wrist. The strings of the racquet must be gut, monofilament, nylon, graphite, plastic, metal, or a combination thereof, and must not mark or deface the ball. If a player is found to be using an illegal racquet, the game results in an automatic forfeiture. If the illegal racquet is discovered between games, the previous game will be declared a forfeit.

17. Apparel (a) All players must wear lensed eyewear that has been approved by USAR. A player that is found to be wearing unapproved eyewear will be issued a technical foul and charged a timeout in order to obtain approved eyewear. If a player is found to have unapproved eyewear for a second consecutive time in the same game, immediate forfeiture results. (b) Clothing that is deemed appropriate by USAR is defined as being good fitting, tasteful, athletic, dry clothing. Any clothing that is distasteful, excessively loose fitting, or otherwise distracting will not be permitted.

18. Court Dimensions (As outlined by USAR) Court and Specifications The specifications for the standard four-wall racquetball court are: (a) Dimensions. The dimensions shall be 20 feet wide, 40 feet long and 20 feet high, with a back wall at least 12 feet high. All surfaces shall be in play, with the exception of any gallery opening, surfaces designated as out-of-play for a valid reason (such as being of a very different material or not in alignment with the backwall), and designated court hinders. (b) Markings. Racquetball courts shall be marked with lines 1 1/2 inches wide as follows: 1. Short Line. The back edge of the short line is midway between, and is parallel with, the front and back walls. 2. Service Line. The front edge of the service line is parallel with, and five feet in front of, the back edge of the short line. 3. Service Zone. The service zone is the 5' x 20' area bounded by the bottom edges of the side walls and by the outer edges of the short line and the service line. 4. Service Boxes. The service boxes, used in doubles play, are located at each end of the service zone and are designated by lines parallel with the side walls [see 4.2(b)]. The edge of the line nearest to the center of the court shall be 18 inches from the nearest side wall. 5. Drive Serve Lines. The drive serve lines, which form the drive serve zones (where initial serve is performed), are parallel with the side wall and are within the service zone. For each line, the edge of the line nearest to the center of the court shall be 3 feet from the nearest side wall. 6. Receiving Line. The receiving line is a broken line parallel to the short line. The back edge of the receiving line is five feet from the back edge of the short line. The receiving line begins with a line 21 inches long that extends from each side wall. These lines are connected by an alternate series of six-inch spaces and six-inch lines. This will result in a line composed of 17 six-inch spaces, 16 six-inch lines, and 2 twenty-one-inch lines. 7. Safety Zone. The safety zone is the 5' x 20' area bounded by the bottom edges of the side walls and by the back edges of the short line and the receiving line. The zone is observed only during the serve.

20. Grading Original Modified Multiple Choice - 3 points each True/False - 3 points each Matching - 5 points each Essay: - Total 15 points - 7 point deduction for leaving off 1 of 2 criteria Multiple Choice - 8 points each Essay: - Total 15 points - 7 point deduction for leaving off 1 of 2 criteria Bonus: - 5 points for following directions

21. Exam Results Grading Scale & Distribution Analysis of Test Scores A (90%- 100%) - 4 B (80%- 89%) - 8 C (70%- 79%) - 5 D (60%- 69%) - 1 F (0%- 59%) - 0

22. Distribution of AnswersCorrect Answer Highlighted Multiple Choice True & False

23. Distribution of AnswersMatching (21-25) & Essay (26)

24. Missed Questions & PointsIncomplete Test with Incomplete Study Guide Missed Questions Possible reasons for missed questions: • Questions 1, 4, 7 & 9-noted by some students “not in study guide” • Question 26 full/partial -full: not in study guide -partial: students using previous knowledge or knowledge of available information to make an “educated guess” • Bonus 5 points – failing to completely follow directions (i.e. writing letter, not circling answer & vice versa)

25. Missed Questions & PointsFull Test with Revised Study Guide