ENERGY & MATTER

1. ENERGY & MATTER Exploring the amazing way plants store the Sun’s energy in the bonds of sugar & how that makes life possible for the rest of us…

2. Catalyst: You can take a plant to space, but will it grow there? Explain your answer in a complete sentence • Agenda • Catalyst • Plants in space • Summary • Objectives SWBAT • Identify the three things plants need to grow • Explain the challenges around growing plants in space and how it is different than growing plants on Earth.

3. ENERGY & MATTER Exploring the amazing way plants store the Sun’s energy in the bonds of sugar & how that makes life possible for the rest of us…

4. What’s the process plants use to grow? Photosynthesis!!!!!

5. Can photosynthesis happen in space? • What would we need to know about space, plants&photosynthesis in order to answer this question? • Brainstorm 3+ questions you have about the above with your partner and write them in your notebook… • Read & Annotate the article • Write down questions that come to mind as your read • What images came to mind? What was confusing? What did you notice? • Write a summary of the article on the bottom margin.

6. Catalyst: What are the three things plants need in order to perform photosynthesis? • Agenda • Catalyst • Homework review • Endocrine & Nervous System Quiz return • Persuasive essay • Summary & reflection • Objective • Evaluate the quality of writing using a rubric

7. Homework review • 1. What are the three things plants need to grow on Earth? • 2. What do scientists need in order to grow plants in space? • 3. How is it similar or different from what plants need to grow on Earth?

8. Endocrine & Nervous System Quiz return • Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect? • Which of the following are true? • The endocrine system produces______ and the nervous system produces_______. • What happens when the cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood? • Which of the following controls the many other endocrine glands? • Which of the following is the best explanation for why only certain cells respond to the hormone aldostrone? • Based on the passage, what best describes aldostrone? • Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

9. Persuasive Essays • If you do this today, I will not assign you homework over the Thanksgiving break! • Step 1 Read the writing prompt • Step 2 Read the RUBRIC! • Step 3 Read and Grade Essay 1 based on the rubric • Step 4 Read and Grade Essay 2based on the rubric • Step 5 Read and Grade Essay 3 based on the rubric • BE SURE TO GIVE THE STUDENTS A SCORE FOR EACH SECTION!

10. Catalyst: Get out the ACT writing packet that you worked on last Tuesday in class. • Agenda • Catalyst • Writing sample analysis • Reading and balancing chemical equations • Objectives : SWBAT • Analyze student writing samples and determine how well student would score using the ACT persuasive writing rubric. • Use the equation for photosynthesis to demonstrate the law of conservation of matter.

11. Catalyst 2:  Plants need three things to grow,What are they? • Sunlight • Water H2O • Carbon dioxide CO2

12. Plants need three things to grow,What are they? • Sunlight (energy) • Water (liquid) • Carbon dioxide CO2 (gas) • Is soil anywhere in the equation for photosynthesis? • Nope • Why would plants need a gas to grow???

13. Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis Products Reactants • What do the big numbers mean? • Number of MOLECULES • ex: 6CO2= CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 • What do the little numbers mean (subscript)? • Number of ATOMS of an element that are part of the molecule. • Ex: CO2= O---C---O • What do the letters mean? • The type of ELEMENT • C= Carbon, H=Hydrogen, O=Oxygen • What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? • Matter (stuff) cannot be created or destroyed. All of the stuff (matter) you start a chemical reaction with has to be there when the reaction is done. • Reactants must equal products! (equation must balance)

14. Photosynthesis- chemical Equation • Write the equation for photosynthesis shown below • Write the state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) for each of the reactants and products of the equation. • _________ _________ _________ __________ Gas liquid solid gas

15. Plants need three things to grow,What are they? • Sunlight (energy) • Water H2O (liquid) • Carbon dioxide CO2 (gas) • Why would plants need a gas to grow???

16. Catalyst: How many atoms of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are needed for photosynthesis? • Agenda • Catalyst • Modeling Photosynthesis Part 1 • Objective: SWBAT • Model the reactants and products of photosynthesis

17. Modeling Photosynthesis- Part 1 • Remove the staple from the packet given to you • Glue the three pages into your notebook (open faced) so that you can see each page. • Purpose: • With a partner you will be asked to use beads (each bead represents a type of atom: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen) to model the molecules that are used in the process of photosynthesis. • Count the colored beads in your bag. Make sure you have the correct amount of each color –DON’T DROP ANY! 

18. Modeling photosynthesis- Part 1 • Look at the box on the front page of the handout • Count the colored beads in your bag. Make sure you have the correct amount of each color • Read the directions and each person creates models for the different molecules involved in photosynthesis steps 1-3. • ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS on the worksheet!! • STOP before glucose (step 4)

20. Modeling photosynthesis- Part 2 • 2nd page of the handout! -----PART 2 • Now please complete questions 1-4 with your partner • Note: Question 3 requires you to build a model of the reactants with the bead kit! • Review answers 1-4 • Now please complete questions 5-12 with your partner • Note: Question 7 requires that you build a model of the products with the bead kit.

21. Catalyst: What are the inputs of photosynthesis? What are the outputs of photosynthesis? • Agenda • Catalyst • Stop, drop and write • Rubric grading • Objectives SWBAT • Write a persuasive essay that will score an average of a 4 on the ACT persuasive writing rubric.

22. Stop, drop and Write! • Read & annotate the two prompts on the paper provided. Choose ONE to respond to. • Create a bullet pointed basic outline of your ideas on the back of the handout (what’s your position, evidence for, and counter argument) • This will be a 3 paragraph essay • Main Idea- State your position on issue, background information and reasoning (1 paragraph) • Evidence & Link- expand on the background information, add additional examples and evidence. State how this evidence helps support your point. (1 paragraph) • Conclusion- Address a counter argument that could be made against your position. Use your evidence or other information to state why your position is stronger than the counter argument. Restate the ‘big-picture’ idea of your argument and wrap-up (1 paragraph)

23. Catalyst- What is the law of conservation of matter? • Agenda • Catalyst • Modeling photosynthesis • Review questions • Exit tickets • Objective: SWBAT • Model the reactants and products of photosynthesis.

24. Modeling photosynthesis- Part 2 • COUNT THE BEADS IN YOUR KIT!! • 2nd page of the handout! (pg. 5&) Now please complete questions 1-4 with your partner • Note: Question 3 requires you to build a model of ALL the reactants with the bead kit! (ex: 6 molecules of CO2) • Review answers 1-4 • Now please complete questions 5-12 with your partner • Note: Question 7 requires that you build a model of the products with the bead kit. • For questions 5 & 9 I want you to just write when you are prompted to ENERGY

25. Exit ticket • In a ¼ piece of paper • Put your name on it!!! • DO NOT WRITE THE QUESTION • Where does the carbon come from to build the glucose sugar molecule?

26. Catalyst: Glucose (c6H12O6) is one of the products of photosynthesis. Which reactant is the source of the carbon? • Agenda • Catalyst • Wrap up modeling • Photosynthesis reading • Objective SWBAT • Trace matter as it transforms through the process of photosynthesis • Explain the inputs and outputs of the light independent and light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

27. Why do plants need a gas to grow? • Write down the question and spend 2 min developing an answer with your elbow partner. • You will have 5 min to complete up to question 12 from the modeling activity from yesterday. • Times up! ---any questions?? • Read the article and answer the questions IN YOUR NOTEBOOK!

28. Catalyst: What is a product of the light-dependent reactions? Agenda Catalyst Homework review Catch up • ObjectivesSWBAT Explain the inputs and outputs of the light independent and light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

29. Homework review • 1)What colors of light are present in ‘white light’? • ROYGBIV • 2)What colors of light are absorbed by chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b? • Blue-Violet & red • 3) Use your answer to question 2 to explain why plants are green. (don’t just say ‘b/c the reflect green light’ EXPLAIN why that happens) • According to figure 8-4 chlorophyll a and b in plants does not absorb the green-yellow light frequencies as well as the blue-violet and red frequencies. Therefore, plants reflect mostly green light which is what makes them appear green in color.

30. 4)What is the name of the organelle that's present in Eukaryotic organisms that allow the cell to photosynthesize? • Chloroplast • 5)In what specific structure within that organelle does photosynthesis take place? • Thylakoids • 6)When plants absorb light energy where do they immediately transfer that energy two? (hint: it’s part of an atom) • Electrons!

31. 7) What are high-energy electron carrier molecules? • NADPH & NADP+ • 8) Explain the function of NADPH and NADP+ • An electron carrier is a compound that can accept a pair of high-energy electrons and transfer them, along with most of their energy, to another molecule.

32. Write the equation for photosynthesis • 6CO2+ 6H2O + Sunlight  C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Identify the reactants and products of the photosynthesis equation. • The reactants are: Carbon Dioxide, Water and Sunlight • The products are: Glucose and Oxygen • What is ATP??? • Adenosine triphosphate = ATP • This is the molecule that is the direct source of energy for cells. Cells can crack it in half (like a glow stick) and it will release stored energy.

35. Lightening review • You and your partner will have answer one question at a time. You do not have to answer the questions in order. • Write the answer in the box that corresponds to the number and then bring it up to the front to check the answer. • Form a single file line (no pushing or cutting) • When you get a stamp you can move on to the next question. • The first team to get all questions correct will get the grand prize. (one point EC on quiz!) • All teams to get all 10 questions correct will get a prize. (one pick out of the prize bag, after school) • You may pass one question.

36. Catalyst: Please get out your draft of your Review of Literature from Monday. (Study for your quiz while I check in your work) • Agenda • Catalyst • Lightening review • Quiz • Objective SWBAT • Explain the process of photosynthesis through answering multiple choice quiz questions.

37. Lightening review • You and your partner will answer all 5 questions at a time. • You do NOT need to answer them in order • When you have your first 5 questions answered ONE person will bring the score sheet up to the front to get it checked. • Form a single file line (no cutting, or disrespectful behavior—you will be disqualified from the game!) • You will get stamps on the correct answers. If you miss a question you have to re-answer it and get it checked before moving forward. • You must have 5 correct answers before you can move on to the last 5 questions. • First team to 10 questions gets two points of EC on the quiz • All teams to get all 10 questions correct will get a prize. (one pick out of the prize bag, after school)

39. QUIZ • Please clear your desk! • If you need a pencil please have your ID out so that you can trade with me when I come around • You will have the rest of the period • On the scantron please fill out the following information: • Name • ID number

40. Catalyst: If you wanted to measure how fast photosynthesis was happening in a plant, what are some things you could measure? (write 2) • Agenda • Catalyst • Photosynthesis Pre-lab • Practice lab set up • Objectives: SWBAT • Identify factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis • Choose an independent variable to test its effects on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves.

41. Background information • Please read and annotate the background information on pg. 1 of your lab • With your elbow partner please answer the following questions in the bottom margin on pg. 1: • In the first sentence what do you think the words “autotrophic organisms” are referring to? • How can we use the observation of a floating spinach leaf as a measure of photosynthesis? Use evidence from paragraph two in your answer.

42. EQ: What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis? • There are lots of ways we can manipulate the materials needed for photosynthesis. • With your elbow partner brainstorm some ways you could change the different inputs. Write at least 2 ideas in each box on pg. 2 of your lab sheet • Light • Water • CO2 – in this lab CO2 from baking soda will be dissolved in the water in which the spinach leaves will be floating. The direction call for .5g of baking soda per 150ml of water • Once you have your initial list go up to the board and write your best one on the class master list. • COPY the class master list onto your lab sheet!!!!

43. Catalyst: Copy down the class chart from yesterday onto pg. 2 of your lab sheet.

44. Lab groups • With your groups please do the following: (q’s 1-5 pg. 2) • Identify roles: Write each person with their role on the bottom of pg. 2 of your lab • Project manager- keeps things moving to completion within the time given, helps set up the lab • Materials specialist- Collects all of the groups materials from the designated location, helps set up the lab • Data Recorder – Makes sure all the data is recorded accurately throughout the experiment, helps clean up the lab • Lab assistant- Communicates group questions to Ms. Richter, helps set up and clean up the lab • Identify which material you are going to manipulate for your independent variable. (question 2) • Create a hypothesis: If_____IV_____, Then____DV_____. (question 4) • Identify a control group (question 5) • When your group is done have your Lab Assistant call me over to stamp your groups work.

45. Lab Demo • Send your materials specialist to get the following: • Cup of water • One syringe for each group member • A hole puncher • One spinach leaf • Project managers- punch out 10 spinach disks with the hole puncher • Please watch and follow along as I demo part of the lab.

46. Catalyst: Meet with your lab group at your lab table. Identify what will be tested in each trial of your lab. Write them on the data table on pg. 2Ex: If my independent variable is the color of light these would be my trials Trial A= White Light(control) Trial B = Red Light Trial C = Blue Light Trial D = Indigo light (‘black light’) Objective: SWBAT Follow simple procedures to conduct an experiment to test what factors affect the rate of photosynthesis

47. Photosynthesis Lab • Fill in your trials on the data table on the 2nd page of your lab (under step 14) • Start at step 6 on the lab sheet (first page bottom right) • Direction go up to step 14 on pg. 2 • PREP and collect data on ONE TRIAL AT A TIME!!! (you will only need 10 spinach disks per trial) • Materials specialist can prep the solution. Project managers can prep the spinach leaves. • You will have the rest of the class period to complete all of your trials

48. Catalyst: You will have 15 min to complete your last trial for your lab • Agenda • Catalyst • Data Analysis • Conclusion • Objective: SWBAT • Follow simple procedures to evaluate factors that effect the rate of photosynthesis. • Analyze data from the photosynthesis lab to evaluate factors that effect the rate of photosynthesis.

49. Data & analysis Section • The following parts should be in your data analysis section • 1) Data Table • 2) Graph • 3) A paragraph that explains the overall rate of photosynthesis per minfor each trail. Identify the trail(s) with the fastest rate of photosynthesis

50. Determining rate… • Read data analysis question 2 • Look at the example! • Rate of change = change over time • Calculate the average number of floating disks per min for each trial • Read data analysis question 3 • Look at the example!