Muscles and Movements Analysis

1. Muscles and Movements Analysis Lesson 7

2. Quick Re-cap • What is the anatomical position? • What are 3 examples of types of movement? • What is another term used for Agonist? • Define Agonist or ________? • Define Antagonist • What type of joint is your shoulder? • Name the 3 other joints that you have learnt and give an example for each.

3. Answers • Anatomical Position - the body is assumed to be standing, the feet together, the arms to the side, and the head and eyes and palms of the hands facing forwards. • Flexion, Abduction, Pronation, etc • Prime Mover • The agonist or prime mover is the muscle which contracts and shortens to cause a movement. • The antagonist is the muscle which relaxes and lengthens to allow a movement to occur.

4. Answers Cont. • Ball and Socket – Shoulder • Hinge – Elbow, Knee • Pivot – Where the atlas pivots around the axis at the top of the spine • Gliding/ Condyloid – Between the small bones of the wrist and foot

5. Muscles and Movements • Look at the examples of the judo kick, basketball dribble, chest pass and lay up For each joint labeled you are to name : • Type of joint • Movement being performed • Agonist and antagonist muscles • ANALYSE THE PHASE, NOT THE STATIC MOVEMENT

6. Judo Kick • Phase B – C • 1. Knee • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist - • 2. Elbow • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist - A B C D E

7. Judo Kick Answers • Judo Kick – Phase B-C 1. A. Hinge B. Extension C. Agonist – Quadriceps Antagonist - Hamstrings 2. A. Hinge B. Extension C. Agonist – Triceps Brachii D. Antagonist – Biceps Brachii

8. Basketball Dribble • Phase B – C • 1. Right Hip • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist – • Phase C - D • 2. Right Elbow • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist - A - B - C - D -

9. Answer • Phase B – C • 1. Right Hip • Joint – Ball and Socket • Movement – Hip Flexion • Agonist – Quadriceps and Hip Flexors • Antagonist – Gluteus Maximus • Phase C - D • 2. Right Elbow • Joint - Hinge • Movement – Elbow Extension • Agonist – Triceps Brachii • Antagonist – Biceps Brachii

10. Chest Pass • Phase B – C 1. Right Wrist • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist – • Phase B - C 2. Right Shoulder • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist - • Phase B – C 3. Right Elbow • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist – A - B - C -

11. Phase B – C 1. Right Wrist • Joint - Gliding • Movement – Wrist flexion • Agonist – Wrist flexors • Antagonist – Wrist extensors • Phase B - C 2. Right Shoulder • Joint – Ball and Socket • Movement – Shoulder Flexion • Agonist – Anterior deltoid and Pectoralis major • Antagonist – Posterior deltoid and latissimusdorsi • Phase B – C 3. Right Elbow • Joint - Hinge • Movement – Elbow extension • Agonist – Triceps brachii • Antagonist – Biceps brachii

12. Lay Up • Phase B – C 1. Left Hip • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist – • Phase A - B 2. Left Ankle • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist - • Phase B – C 3. Left Knee • Joint - • Movement - • Agonist - • Antagonist – • (Your left/right when looking at the picture) - C - B - A

13. Answers • Phase B – C 1. Left Hip • Joint – Ball and Socket • Movement – Hip Extention • Agonist – Gluteus Maximus • Antagonist – Hip Flexor and Quadriceps • Phase A - B 2. Left Ankle • Joint - Condyloid • Movement – Planta-flexion • Agonist – Gastrocnemius • Antagonist – Tibialis Anterior • Phase B – C 3. Right Knee • Joint - Hinge • Movement – Knee Extension • Agonist - Quadriceps • Antagonist – Hamstrings

14. Complete worksheet: Angle Increasing or Decreasing?

15. Question: Explain how muscle movement occurs during the bicep curl? • Muscles can only pull, they cannot push. They work in pairs to create movement, where one contracts while the other relaxes and lengthens. • The hinge joint at the elbow starts in an extended position for the bicep curl. The agonist muscle is the bicep brachii, also known as the prime mover, contracts (shortens) to create the movement of flexion. The antagonist muscle, the tricepbrachii, relaxes (lengthens) to allow movement to occur.

16. Homework • Find a picture of a person involved in a sporting event. • Bring tomorrow as you will be analysing the muscles and movements. • Make sure you are still revising everything you have learnt so far!