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School Education in Constitution of India

The constitution of India that came into effect in 1950 promises school education to all and has been placed in the concurrent list.

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School Education in Constitution of India

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  1. School Education in Constitution of India ~LalitKishore

  2. Indian constitution (IC) vis-a-vis school education (SE) Preamble of IC provides direction to education Article 21(a): No citizen shall be denied (i) admission into educational institutions maintained by the State OR (ii)Receiving aid out of the state funds on grounds only on religion, race, caste, language or any of them

  3. Education as secular activity • India is a Secular State • No religious instruction can be given in schools during regular hours • However, religious instructions to students a particular faith can be given with the consent parents and school management • Emphasis on equity and inclusion or respect for diversity and inculcation of democratic values

  4. Nature of school education system • Individual states control SE • Union Government / GOI roles • Formulate policies • Give directions • Provide funds • States to ensure education with equity and justice under article 29(1) • Involve local bodies and registered voluntary organizations in SE through grant-in-aid system • However, 42nd Amendment Act has put SE on concurrent list as shared responsibility since 1976

  5. Main functions of the States in SE

  6. Free and compulsory elementary education • Article 45 of Directives of State Policy: • Universal primary education to be achieved by 1960 • The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) • Enacted on 4th August 2009 • Falls under Article 21A • Describes the modalities of RTE • Meant for education of children between the age of 6 to 14 years • Stresses raising competence or quality, social justice and democratic values

  7. Mother tongue instruction • Article 350-A: Mother tongue as medium of instruction at primary stage • Inclusion of children of linguistic minorities • Article 350-B: Appointment of special officer for linguistic minorities • Regional language as main medium of instruction along with mother tongue for initial learning

  8. Education of minorities:Safeguarding cultural aspects of minorities

  9. RTE Act : More aspects • Joint responsibility of state and centre • Equity in educational opportunity • Centre to fund RTE implementation • Uniform 10+2 structure for all state mandated unless changed by any new National Policy on Education

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