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Bones of the skull

Bones of the skull. Skull. 28 bones in the skull 2 major divisions: Cranium and Face Cranium: frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid Face: 2 maxillae, 2 zygomatic , 2 nasal, madible , 2 lacrimal , 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae , and the vomer.

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Bones of the skull

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  1. Bones of the skull

  2. Skull • 28 bones in the skull • 2 major divisions: Cranium and Face • Cranium: frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid • Face: 2 maxillae, 2 zygomatic, 2 nasal, madible, 2 lacrimal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae, and the vomer

  3. Cranial Bones • Frontal Bone: forehead and anterior portion of the top of the cranium • Contains Sinuses (frontal sinus) and similar sinuses in the sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillae (called Paranasal Sinuses) • Frontal Sinus joins with the parietal bone in the CORONAL SUTURE

  4. Cranial Bones • Parietal Bone: two bones form the topside of the cranium • Form joints with several bones: • Lamboidal Suture: with the occipital bone • Squamous Suture: with the temporal bone and part of the sphenoid • Coronal Suture: with the frontal bone

  5. Cranial Bones • Temporal Bones: lower sides of the cranium and part of the skull floor • House the middle and inner ear structures • Mastoid Sinus is contained here

  6. Cranial Bones • Occipital Bone: lower, posterior portion of the skull • Forms immovable joints with 3 other cranial bones (parietal, temporal and sphenoid) • Forms a movable joint with the first cervical vertebrate • Foramen Magnum: hole where spinal cord enters cranial cavity

  7. Cranial Bones • Sphenoid Bone: located in central portion of cranium floor • Serves as an anchor for the frontal, parietal, occipital and ethmoid bones • Forms portion of orbits • Sphenoid Sinuses

  8. Cranial Bones • Ethmoid Bones: anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bones • Makes up anterior cranial floor, medial walls of orbits, upper parts of the nasal septum, sides of nasal cavity and parts of the nasal roof

  9. Facial Bones • Maxillae: (2 bones) articulate with each other • Forms floor of the orbits, roof of the mouth, floor and walls of the nose • Each maxilla contains a Maxillary Sinus (largest of the paranasal sinuses)

  10. Facial Bones • Mandible: single bone • Largest, strongest bone of the face • Articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull

  11. Facial Bones • Zygomatic: shapes the cheek (AKA malar bone) • Forms the outer margin of the orbit, and the zygomatic arch • Articulates with maxillary, temporal, frontal and sphenoid bones

  12. Facial Bones • Nasal Bones: gives shape to the nose • Forms upper bridge of the nose • Septal Cartilage forms lower portion of the nose • Lacrimal Bone: has a groove for the tear duct (nasolacrimal duct) • Sidewall of the nasal cavity and medial wall of orbit

  13. Eye Orbits • Orbital cavities contain eyes and associated muscles; important blood vessels and nerves; and lacrimal duct • Orbital walls are generally very thin and fragile • Palatine Bones form the base of the orbits and the roof of the hard palate

  14. Fetal Skull • Very different from adult skulls • Placement of bones allows for change of shape during birth • Fontanels: allow for molding of head shape during birth; rapid brain development without increasing intracranial pressure (do not close until adult size is reached)

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