1 / 15

Meeting Reproductive Health and Rights of indigenous people in Central African Republic

2011 Annual meeting of the UN interagency support group on indigenous Peoples Issues 21-23th Nov- 2011, New York. Meeting Reproductive Health and Rights of indigenous people in Central African Republic. Outline. Background information on CAR Geographic location

lamar
Download Presentation

Meeting Reproductive Health and Rights of indigenous people in Central African Republic

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 2011 Annual meeting of the UN interagency support group on indigenous Peoples Issues 21-23th Nov- 2011, New York Meeting Reproductive Health and Rights of indigenous people in Central African Republic Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  2. Outline • Background information on CAR • Geographic location • Access to basic social and economic services :Challenges faced • UNFPA Responses : • Current and and perspective Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  3. CAR : Background information • Area (square km): 623,000 • Population size: 4,570,000 (est. 2011) • Density (Sq km): 7.3 • Total Adult Literacy rate: 55% • Total Fertility Rate (TFR)/ISF: 4.7 births per woman • Maternal Mortality Ratio: 850/100,000 live births (LB) • Infant Mortality Rate: 112 deaths per 1,000 LB • Under-5 mortality rate: 171 deaths per 1,000 LB • HIV&AIDS prevalence rate: 4,9% (MICS IV 2010) Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  4. Geographic Location and Population Size Tchad • Ombela-Mpoko: • 15,200 Soudan • MambereKadei: • 14,600 • SanghaMbaere: • 4,500 • Lobaye: • 10,700 Cameroun Bangui RDC Congo Total 45 000 people Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  5. Main characteristics: who they are and How they live • Account for 0.3% (minimum) of the whole Population (2003 Census) • Originally live in small communities from hunting and gathering with gender division of work (Men  hunting; Women  gathering and hut building) • Nowadays: “Pygmies” are the most vulnerable ethnic groups with the Mbororos • Changes in their lifestyle due to loss of land and natural resources as a consequence of deforestation  more involved in farming, agriculture (as “slaves” and underpaid) Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  6. Main challenges in a changing environment Limited (or no) access to basic social services, Poverty: almost 90%, 93% illiterate rate, high drop off from school. Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  7. Access to basic social and economic services : Challenges faced Legal Challenges : Considered as “second class” citizens: 60% of Aka people in Lobaye declared they had a Bantu “master” (Survey conducted by COOPI in 2004 (Italian Cooperation Agency) Discrimination/humiliation • Victims of SGBVs • No access to land • Underpaid and exploited • Not represented in decision-makingprocesses, Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  8. Access to basic social services :challenges • Reproductive Health of Aka Pygmies • Total Fertility Rate (TFR): 5.1- 6.2 children per woman (versus 4.7 for CAR as a whole) • High Infant Mortality rate:200 – 220 per 1,000 LB (versus 112 for CAR as a whole) • Maternal Mortality (and morbidity) higher than the country average • (very) early childbirth , no access to ANC; delivery in the bush or at home without skilled assistance), • Obstetrical Fistula as one of the consequences of early childbirth and delay to obtain care Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  9. Access to basic social and economic services : Challenges (cont’d) Infection after Abortion : Uncompleted delivery , 3 days with placenta retention before reaching a health center Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  10. Access to basic social and economic services : Challenges (cont’d) • Increasing of diseases and infections: Skin diseases: Pian (very easy to cure) Acute Respiratory Diseases (ARI) among children Intestine Parasitic diseases • Malaria • Tuberculosis • HIV & AIDS Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  11. Global Responses • Government , NGOs (national and international), faith based organizations, are providing a range of interventions in several areas for Pygmies and their communities, • mainly alphabetization, human rights, Education, health/ immunization, environment , Support to agriculture • High commissary for Human rights in CAR, • COPI (EU, UNICEF, BINUCA, OCHA, OHCDH) • BIT, UNFPA • National NGOs • “Maison de l’enfant et de la femme Pygmee” ( MEFP), ADIBAC, MBOSCUDA • AFJC (Women legal professional association) Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  12. Reproductive Health and Rights : UNFPA Responses • From 2007 to 2010, UNFPA has provided support for Integrated RHR activities including HIV prevention and Sexual and reproductive health for youth in regions, prefecture/district and heath centers including two out off the four provinces where indigenous people are living in CAR • Commodities and medical equipments for Health centers and hospital • Training of health providers in : • Basic obstetrical care, and emergency obstetrical care • Training in maternal death audit • Fistulae surgical repair • Modern contraceptives methods integration in health centers Minimum Package of Services • BCC and tests for free counseling and testing for HIV

  13. Reproductive Health and Rights : UNFPA Responses • 01 ambulance for reference • Clean delivery kits (25000) • Mattress for post delivery unit of health centers (100) • Delivery medical table (22) • Cesarean kits (1000) • 3000 unit of extencillin to control “Pian” infection Difficulties to reach “pygmies” • Distance to the health center • they dwell in remote areas. They have to go too far fir care, • Services cost too high • they cannot pay (monetary poverty very high), • Lack of information, inadequate strategies to reach Pygmies • Discrimination, humiliation • they are subject to humiliation by health centre staff and other population because they are Pygmies Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

  14. Reproductive Health and Rights : UNFPA Responses, current and perspectives • In 2011, UNFPA planned to improve impact of all its support to pygmies in the Lobaye on a pilot based, results to be strengthened in the next Country Programme 2012-2016 through : • Launch of the community based intervention : Community mobilization to save vulnerable people life, including women empowerment (selection and training of community services providers) • RHR need assessment in preparation • Advocacy and BCC interventions in collaboration with MEFP : Administrative leaders, Health authorities at central and operational level, Pygmies and Bantus community leaders : • Strengthen Partnership with BIT, UNICEF, OCHA, BINUCA for Joint project on RHR and women and youth empowerment.

  15. Thank you Therese ZEBA KOBEANE, UNFPA REPRESENTATIVE CAR

More Related