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OTEC October 2014 Presented by: Michael Lenett, PhD, PE

Design of Major Structures HAM-74-18.00 and HAM-75-3.85 Horizontally Curved Bridge Design and Construction Challenges. OTEC October 2014 Presented by: Michael Lenett, PhD, PE. Agenda. Design Considerations Construction Considerations HAM-74-18.00 Challenges & Solutions

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OTEC October 2014 Presented by: Michael Lenett, PhD, PE

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  1. Design of Major Structures HAM-74-18.00 and HAM-75-3.85 Horizontally Curved Bridge Design and Construction Challenges OTEC October 2014 Presented by: Michael Lenett, PhD, PE

  2. Agenda • Design Considerations • Construction Considerations • HAM-74-18.00 Challenges & Solutions • HAM-75-3.85 Challenges & Solutions • Conclusion • Q & A

  3. Horizontal Curvature | Design Considerations • References/Guidelines: • - FHWA – NHI-10-087 Analysis and Design of Skewed and Curved Steel Bridges with LRFD • NCHRP Report 725 Guidelines for the Analysis Methods and Construction Engineering of Curved and Skewed Steel Girder Bridges • AASHTO Guide Specifications for Horizontally Curved Steel Girder Highway Bridges (LFD)

  4. Horizontal Curvature | Design Considerations • Curved and Kinked (i.e., Chorded or Dog-Legged) • Torsional Issues • Shear and Warping Stresses • Lateral Bending Stresses • Transverse Shears in Flange

  5. Horizontal Curvature | Design Considerations • Stability Issues • Large loads transferred between girders • Stability maintained by shifting load to next girder away from center of curvature • Results in Crossframe forces • Crossframes are primary load-carrying members

  6. Horizontal Curvature | Design Considerations • Erection/Construction Plans • Constructability Considerations • Stability of Erected Girders / Crossframes • Erection Sequence • Shoring Tower Locations / Loads • Temporary Hold Crane Locations / Loads • Deck Pouring Sequence

  7. Example Projects • PID 82284 HAM-74-18.00 (Colerain/Beekman Interchange) • PID 83723 HAM-75-3.85 (I-74/75 Interchange)

  8. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S R = 1432.39’ Dc = 4° 00’ Δ = 42° 34’ 11” Skew = 48° 20’ 26”

  9. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S

  10. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • 2-D Grillage (Grid) vs. 3-D FE Modeling • Grid • Beam Elements • Effective slab width • Input Crossframe shape and members • Equivalent stiffness • Reduced Modeling Time • Straightforward / Practical • DESCUS, MDX

  11. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • 2-D Grillage (Grid) • Grid • V • V • MA • MB • Global Effects • H • L • V/2 • V/2 • MA / H • MB / H • For Internal Effects • MA / H • MB / H • V/2 • V/2

  12. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • 2-D Grillage (Grid)

  13. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • Crossframes • L4x4x 5/16 Bottom (and Top) Chords • L3x3x 5/16 Diagonals • AASHTO Standard Specs (17th Ed.) • Pu = 0.85AsFcr (Eq. 10-150) • Simplified • Concentrically loaded member • No eccentricity (connection and member)

  14. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • Crossframes • Eccentricity w/ Connection • FD • w • Eccentricity w/ Centroid • z • AISC 13th Ed. • Specifications Sections E, F, H • ≤ 1.0 • Existing Diagonals/Chords………..Insufficient Capacity

  15. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S

  16. HAM-74-18.00 | Bridge HAM-74-1852S • 41 Existing Intermediate Crossframes Replaced • Payment – Level UF • Before • After

  17. HAM-75-3.85 | Bridge HAM-74-1909R (Ramp P)

  18. HAM-75-3.85 | Bridge HAM-74-1909R (Ramp P) • 3-D FE Modeling • Direct Modeling of Crossframes • Equivalent stiffness not required • Member Forces obtained directly • Torsional Girder Stiffness • Flange Lateral Moments • Girder Twist • Permits Detailed Modeling of Girder Erection

  19. HAM-75-3.85 | Bridge HAM-74-1909R (Ramp P) • Erection Considerations • Wind Effects • Low Stresses / Force Effects in Girders and Crossframes • Control Girder Deflections / Girder Twist • Check Buckling • Localized Member Buckling (such as Webs/Flanges) • Collapse of Superstructure System

  20. HAM-75-3.85 | Bridge HAM-74-1909R (Ramp P)

  21. HAM-75-3.85 | Bridge HAM-74-1909R (Ramp P) • Deck Pouring Sequence • Span Lengths • Time Considerations • Control Girder Deflections / Girder Twist • Control Girder / Crossframe Internal Effects

  22. Conclusions • Crossframes • Primary Load-Carrying Member • Eccentricity of Load / Connections • Replace Existing • Identify Locations • Level UF • Erection (and Deck Pouring) Plans / Notes • Stability of Individual Girders / Crossframes • Global Stability • Guidelines

  23. QUESTIONS? Michael Lenett, PhD, PE mslenett@transystems.com (513) 345-2122 OTEC October 2014

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