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Chapter 1 The Science of Life

Chapter 1 The Science of Life. Biology Mrs. Shanna Coan. The study of life. Biology. High degree of order within an organism’s internal and external parts. Organization. Smallest unit that can perform all life’s processes. Cell. Organisms, such as bacteria, that are made up of one cell.

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Chapter 1 The Science of Life

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  1. Chapter 1 The Science of Life Biology Mrs. Shanna Coan

  2. The study of life Biology

  3. High degree of order within an organism’s internal and external parts Organization

  4. Smallest unit that can perform all life’s processes Cell

  5. Organisms, such as bacteria, that are made up of one cell Unicellular

  6. Organisms, such as humans, that are made up of many cells Multicellular

  7. Carry out special jobs within a system Organ

  8. Groups of cells that have similar abilities Tissue

  9. Tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for a cell to stay alive Organelle

  10. Chemical compounds that provide physical structure and that bring about movement, energy use, and other cellular functions Biological Molecule

  11. Stable level of internal conditions Homeostasis

  12. Sum of the chemical reactions that take in and transform energy Metabolism

  13. Formation of two new cells from an existing cell Cell Division

  14. Process by which an organism becomes a mature adult Development

  15. Process where organisms produce new organisms like themselves Reproduction

  16. Short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait Gene

  17. Modern taxonomic system, broadest category, contains kingdoms Domain

  18. Highest category of the traditional taxonomic system Kingdom

  19. Branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with their environment Ecology

  20. Communities of living species and their physical environment Ecosystem

  21. Descent with modification Evolution

  22. Organisms with favorable traits are better able to survive and reproduce Natural Selection

  23. Traits that improve an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce Adaptation

  24. Organized approach to solving problems Scientific Method

  25. The act of perceiving a natural occurrence Observation

  26. Educated guess Hypothesis

  27. A statement that forecasts what would happen Prediction

  28. Used to test a hypothesis Experiment

  29. Provides a standard against which a biologist can compare results Control Group

  30. In an experiment, a group that is identical to the control group except for one variable Experimental Group

  31. The factor that is deliberately manipulated in an experiment Independent Variable

  32. The factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more other factors Dependent Variable

  33. Explanation for some phenomena based on observation Theory

  34. Scientists who are experts in the field anonymously read and critique research Peer Review

  35. Microscope that shines light through a specimen Compound Light Microscope

  36. Magnifies an image usually 10 times Eyepiece (ocular lens)

  37. Located directly above the slide and magnifies the image (4, 10, 100) Objective Lens

  38. Platform that supports a slide Stage

  39. Light bulb that provides light for viewing the image Light Source

  40. Increase in an objects apparent size Magnification

  41. The structure that holds the set of objective lens Nosepiece

  42. Power to show details clearly Resolution

  43. Produces an enlarged, three-dimensional image of an object using a beam of electrons Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

  44. Transmits a beam of electrons through a very thin slice of specimen and can magnify 200,000 times Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

  45. Standard system of measurement Metric System

  46. Fundamental unit of measure that describes length, mass, volume, and other quantities Base Unit

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