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What did we talk about ?. Reading. Critical / Creative Thinking. Digital/ Technology /Web. Grammar / Vocabulary. Speaking. Autonomy. Games / Fun. Writing. Listening. Pronunciation. What did we talk about ?. Digital/ Technology /Web 21 Critical / Creative Thinking 12
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Whatdidwetalkabout? Reading Critical/CreativeThinking Digital/Technology/Web Grammar/Vocabulary Speaking Autonomy Games/Fun Writing Listening Pronunciation
Whatdidwetalkabout? Digital/Technology/Web 21 Critical/CreativeThinking 12 Speaking 11 Pronunciation 7 Reading 7 Games/Fun 4 Listening/Writing 4 Autonomy 3 Grammar/Vocabulary 3
by Lindsay Clandfield ABCI Conference July 2012g CriticalThinkinginAction
What is critical thinking? • A “floating signifier” • Higher and lower level skills • Critical thinking and the argument • Critical thinking in ELT • Critical literacy
Higher order and lower order thinking skills Lower order thinking: receive recite direct medium trasmit knowledge reproduce knowledge Higher order thinking: manipulate transform meaning solve problems construction uncertainty environments & opportunities
Distinguishing fact from opinion Challenging assumptions Keeping an open mind to different possibilities and solutions. (Day, 2003) Critical thinking in ELT
Critical literacy Sees education as a social and political act. Imagines other possibilities and realities. Examines origins and implications of worldviews. Questions what is presented as universally true. Learn about others and about ourselves.
Text exploitation It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice
Facts vs Opinions It is the 49th state of the USA. The capital is Juneau. It is a great place. The name Alaska means “great land”. The people are the friendliest in the world. The coldest temperature recorded was -62ºC. Cold weather in Alaska is nicer than in other places.
Facts vs Opinions 2 The concept of a lottery goes back to ancient times. There were lotteries in ancient China, Greece and Roman societies. Lotteries exploit poor people. Families with low incomes spend more on lotteries than families with high incomes. Lottery projects have funded major projects in health, arts and education.
Identifying implicit argumentsbased on Cottrell, S. Critical Thinking Skills Palgrave Macmillan Employees would do very well to bear in mind that all forms of trade union association are not viewed favourably. Employees are not to discuss their rates of pay with other workers. If you don’t do as expected you will lose your job or suffer some other penalty. The threat is implicit.
Identifying implicit arguments People in our country believe in honesty and decency. We don’t believe in stealing or cheating the state. Now, officials are allowing thousands of people to emigrate here from other countries. People from other countries are more likely to be dishonest. No evidence presented to support this view.
Identifying implicit arguments When we say smaller classes and flexible hours, we really mean smaller and flexible. When we offer excellence in language teaching, we do not take the promise lightly. All our teachers are native speakers. Other language schools probably lie about class size and flexible hours. Native speaker teachers are excellent teachers.
Using ELT to raise awareness about issues affecting people with mobility disability.