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Sterilization Methods

Sterilization Methods. Microbiology Biology II Mrs. Hieneman. Terminology. Sterilization – complete elimination of microbial viability Sterilant – chemical agent that sterilizes Disinfection – killing, inhibition or removal of disease-causing microbes.

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Sterilization Methods

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  1. Sterilization Methods Microbiology Biology II Mrs. Hieneman

  2. Terminology • Sterilization – complete elimination of microbial viability • Sterilant – chemical agent that sterilizes • Disinfection – killing, inhibition or removal of disease-causing microbes. • Disinfectant – chemical agent that disinfects • Antiseptic – chemical agents applied to tissues which prevent sepsis • Sanitation – establishment of environmental conditions favorable to health.

  3. Terminology • -cide: to kill • Germacide • Bactericide • Fungicide • -static: to inhibit growth • Bacteriostatic • Fungistatic

  4. Oxygen Requirements for Microbes • Obligate aerobes – grow only in the presence of oxygen. • Strict anaerobes – grow only in the absence of oxygen. • Facultative anaerobe – can grow in presence (best) or absence of oxygen. • Microaerophilic – require small amount of oxygen (about 5%), inhibited by normal (oxygen) of atmosphere. • Aerotolerant – oxygen?? Who cares!!!!

  5. Oxygen Requirements For Microbes

  6. Chemical Agents • Work by disrupting cellular membranes, oxidizing macromolecules, denaturing proteins. • Include disinfectants and antiseptics • Classified base upon effectiveness: • High Level – effective against all life • Intermediate Level – defined as tuberculocidal, as well as more resistant viruses (hepatitis C virus) • Low Level – kill vegetative cells of bacteria and fungi and enveloped viruses.

  7. Chemical Agents • Phenolics – contain phenol or its derivatives • Disinfectant; intermediate to low level • Aldehydes • Formaldehyde • Disinfectant: high to intermediate level • Alcohols • Antiseptics and disinfectants; intermediate level

  8. Chemical Agents • Halogens • Disinfectant and antiseptic; intermediate level • Heavy Metals • Disinfectant and antiseptic; low level • Soaps • Detergents derived from lipids • Antiseptic and disinfectants; low level • Gases • Disinfectant; high level

  9. What Can Be Used In Our Lab???? • Soap • Disinfectant • Antiseptic • Sterile filtration • Bunsen Burner

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