Super Typhoon Haiyan

1. Super Typhoon Haiyan

2. Lesson objectives • Why is the area prone to hazards such as Typhoon Haiyan? • How have people responded to the hazard? • What kind of future does the Philippines face in the aftermath of Haiyan?

3. Which conditions are required for a typhoon to develop? Task: Watch the clip with the teacher pausing at key points and take down the key conditions and physical effects of a hurricane/typhoon.

5. Key points to remember • Also known as hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons, and wily willies (the Australian name!). • Form in very intense areas of very low pressure, approximately 500 to 1000 kilometers in diameter. • Tropical storms form over water that is above 26.5°C in temperature to 50 meters below sea level. Storm energy is lost when it hits land slowing it down • The warm water heats the air above it, causing it to rise rapidly drawn up by the jet stream • Cool air sinks into the centre of the storm forming a calm eye. • Cumulo-nimbus storm clouds are formed • Cooler air from elsewhere rapidly moves in to replace the rising air and the process starts again. • The atmosphere is already unstable due to thunderstorms which begin to swirl due to the coriolis effect between 5 and 20 degrees north Coriolis effect: The turning of the earth causes currents and swirling in the earth’s ocean/ atmosphere

6. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane scale

7. Task: which statements are true or false for Typhoons? True False True False False True False True True True false • Hurricanes, cyclones, Wiley willies and typhoons are same thing • Sea water temperatures need to be lower than 26.5 degrees Centigrade for typhoons to develop • A drop in pressure forces the sea to bulge upwards and expand. • An area of intensely high pressure formed in the typhoon • Rapidly rising moist air, cools and forms alto stratus clouds • Typhoons move more quickly over water • The saffirsimpson scale only goes up to category 4 • Winds of up to 150mph can form • The upsurge of the ocean can have Tsunami like consequences • Hurricane Katrina is an example of a Typhoon • The consequences of such a hazard are never catastrophic

8. The typhoon developed on the 2ndnov. 2013 in Micronesia. The 30th typhoon to develop in the pacific 2013 season. On the 4th it was significant enough to be named and on the 6th it became a category 5 storm. The brunt of the typhoon hit Visayan Islands of Leyte and Samar on the 7th- some of the poorest provinces despite positive economic growth in the country. 97 % of the country was left untouched by the storm • One of the strongest storms in history • 250 kmph winds with gusts of 300kmph • 5 meter storm surge due to low pressure allowing it to expand • Category 5 storm • Last hit Vietnam before dying out on the 10thnov 2013 • Also hit Palau, Micronesia, south China, Vietnam as well as the Philippines • Known in Asia as Typhoon Yolanda (remember this when researching)

9. So why are the Philippines so prone to Hazards such as typhoons and catastrophic consequences? Task: Look at the following figures. Form a summary style answer to this question with reference to the figures. Be ready to share your findings with the class

10. Figure 1 Figure 2 C

11. Figure 3 Ext: You tube: Un reported world 2010 the city with too many people

12. Figure 4: Recent Hazard Events to occur in the Philippines • Central Luzon Earthquake (16 July 1990) • Pinatubo Eruption (May-August 1991) • Quezon Flooding and Mudslides (November-December 2004) • Caraga Floods and Leyte Landslide (February 2006) • Bulusan Eruption (March-June 2006) • Mayon Eruption (February-October 2006) • Typhoon Reming (December 2006) • Typhoon Mitag (Typhoon Mina) and Typhoon Hagibis (Typhoon Lando) (November 2007) • Typhoon Ondoy (Typhoon Ketsana) and Typhoon Pepeng (Typhoon Parma) (September-October 2009) • Bulusan Eruption (November 2010) • Floods (February 2011) • Typhoon Sendong (Typhoon Washi) (December 2011)

13. Figure 5: The Philippines and Vulnerability Other facts • 1/3rd of people live below 2 meters above sea level. • One of the largest population growth rates in south east Asia • GDP per capita is $4100 (2011)

14. Figure 6

15. Figure 7:

16. Effects of Typhoon Haiyan People queue up at the town hall for free mobile phone recharging forced to cover their noses against the smell of rotting corpses

17. Philippine soldiers used chainsaws to cut through debris in order to distribute aid in the form of rice and water

18. People plead to be evacuated at the heavily guarded airport

19. Victims board the us marine aircraft for evacuation

22. Task: Annotate the photograph. Think about what is shown and what might be the consequences of what you can see.

23. Task: In small groups sort the responses to the onset of Typhoon Haiyan into your own categories (more than 2 preferably). Be ready to discuss your categories with the class. Ext: Do any of them link together? Why? Are any of the responses surprising? What is likely to shape your individual response to a hazard?

24. Task: Using 10 of the responses from across your categories identify the long and short consequences of these responses

25. The future for the Philippines Bad Factors Good factors Bad Future Good Future Task: Consider all the responses and effects discussed so far and look at those on your sheet. How is the balance tipped? Will the Philippines have a good or bad future as a result of this Typhoon? Ext: what could be done to make sure the balance tips to a good future. Article on tourism as further reading.