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SDI as an organisational infrastructure

Explore the roles of stakeholders, policies, legal aspects, and cultural influences in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). Learn about users, value adders, policy makers, data providers, and more in SDI organizations.

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SDI as an organisational infrastructure

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  1. SDI as an organisational infrastructure Arnold Bregt

  2. Introduction • Last week: technical aspects • This week: non-technical aspects • People (stakeholders) • Policy • Legal • Financing • Information about the functioning of the SDI (Assessment)

  3. Contents • People and organizations (Today) • SDI and culture (Today) • Policy and legal (Today • Assessment (Wednesday)

  4. Technology People Policy Data Standards SDI and People (Rajabifard et al., 2002)

  5. SDI & People (roles) • Meaning of people in SDI: • Individuals • Organizations (group of people)

  6. Question • What are the stakeholders you van identify in an SDI?

  7. SDI & People (roles) • Users, value adders • Policy makers, money providers, coordinators • Data providers, service providers, brokers, value adders • Researchers • SDI organizations

  8. Organogram: stakeholders and their relations • Different models

  9. Stakeholders organograms (INSPIRE)

  10. Stakeholders Source: Masser et al., 2008

  11. Stakeholders Source: fgdc

  12. Users and value adders • Very important actor within SDI • Little know about wishes • Reason: diverse group and hardly investigated

  13. Canadian approach • User centered-design • input of users at various stages in the design of a system • ensures that it is easy to use and meets the needs of its users source: GeoConnections

  14. Value adders • Recent development • Try to make a business of existing data • E.g. Apps based on open data

  15. Policy makers, money providers, coordinators • Executive bodies e.g. www.geonovum.nl • Ministries

  16. INSPIRE (example) Source: State of Play 2010

  17. INSPIRE (example) Source: State of Play 2010

  18. Data providers, service providers, value adders • What is the difference?

  19. What are they?

  20. Researchers Examples • The University of Melbourne • JRC

  21. International SDI organizations Non-profit organization Members from more than 50 countries Annual conference Newsletters Funding

  22. Researchers and SDI organizations • GSDI link

  23. Conferences SDI Conferences • GSDI conferences – every 1,5 year • EC GI & GIS workshops (since 2008 Inspire Conference) – every year • “Tracks” in general GI conferences

  24. SDI organizations • There are a few key organizations that play a role in any SDI, but the local arrangement depends strongly on the (national historical) setting and culture

  25. Cultural differences and SDI

  26. What is Culture?

  27. Cultural differences and SDI What is culture? • a set of learned beliefs, values and behaviors the way of life is shared by the members of a society.

  28. Three levels of uniqueness in human mental programming(Hofstede, 1997) Inherited and learned Learned Inherited Specific to individual Specific to group Universal personality culture human nature

  29. Cultural differences and SDI Characterizing Culture (Hofstede et al., 1997) • Power distance • Individualism • Masculinity • Uncertainty avoidance • Pragmatism (added 2010) (Long term orientation) • Indulgence (added in 2010)

  30. Cultural Dimensions

  31. Cultural differences and SDI

  32. Cultural differences and SDI • Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions

  33. Country Comparison

  34. Cultural differences and SDI What is the relation between culture and SDI? • High value for individualism, strong bottom up initiatives. • High value for long-term orientation, strong SDI vision and funding.

  35. Cultural differences and SDI L, H = low, high support for access to and sharing of GI

  36. Relation with SDI

  37. Results (SDSL = Spatial Data Sharing level)

  38. Results

  39. Assignment week 3 • Case of the week 3 “Your SDI as an organisational infrastructure” • Please analyze your case study SDI from a stakeholder, policy, legal and economic perspective.

  40. With analyze we mean: • Draft an organogram of the different stakeholders within your SDI (design your own picture); • Describe the stakeholders, relations and dependencies between them; • Describe the economic and legal arrangements (access rights, use rights and finance sources); • Reflect on the impact of the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions on the organizational setting of your SDI.

  41. Questions? Thank you for your attention!

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