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Civil War 1861-1865

Civil War 1861-1865. Important People and Events. Presidents during the Civil War. Abe Lincoln . Jefferson Davis. Generals during Civil War. Ulysses S. Grant . Robert E. Lee. Women in Civil War. Northern. Southern. Clara Barton “Angel of the Battlefield” Started Red Cross in 1873.

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Civil War 1861-1865

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  1. Civil War 1861-1865 Important People and Events

  2. Presidents during the Civil War Abe Lincoln Jefferson Davis

  3. Generals during Civil War Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee

  4. Women in Civil War Northern Southern • Clara Barton • “Angel of the Battlefield” • Started Red Cross in 1873 • Lucy Davis: sewed new uniforms • Louisa Minor: helped at hospitals

  5. Union Generals v. Confederate Generals Union Confederate • William T. Sherman • Philip T. Sheridan • Adm. D.G. Farragut • Stonewall Jackson • Jeb Stuart

  6. Weapons of the Civil War • Minie Ball • Gatling Gun • 1st submarine to sink its target

  7. Submarines in the Civil War • Confederates:Davids • Henley sunk USS Houstanoic in 1864 • Union:Alligator

  8. Ft. Sumter • April 12-13 1861

  9. Bull Run (1st and 2nd)1861 and 1862 • A.K.A Manassas • McDowell v. Beauregard • Forced Union back to D.C. • “picnic battle”

  10. Shiloh • Sherman, Grant, Don Carlos Buell • Sidney Johnston and P.T. Beauregard • 13,000 Union Casualties • 10,700 Confederate Casualties

  11. Antietam http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/casualties.htm • September 17th 1862 • “turning pt. of war” • Bloodiest day of the Civil War • 23,000 soldiers killed, wounded or missing in 12 hrs. • Ended the Confederate advance into the North

  12. 2nd Bull Run or 2nd Manassas • Union flanked by Jackson & Lee

  13. Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863) • "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." • Limitations: only if Union won, did not include Confederate states under Union control • Promises: Liberated could become liberators 200,000 Black soldiers; each advance of federal troops = more freedom

  14. Vicksburg (May 19 and 22, 1863) • Grant v. Pemberton • Opened the Mississippi River to Union in 1863

  15. Gettysburg (July 1-3 1863) • Cemetery Ridge, Little Round Top, Culp’s Hill • “The world will little note nor long remember what we say here…” (possibly the most famous speech in history) • George Meade vs. Lee • Pickett’s Charge (Pettigrew-Trimble or Longstreet) Confederates lost 50% • Between 46,000-51,000 Americans killed

  16. Atlanta (July 22nd 1864) • McPherson vs. John Bell Hood • General William Hardee tried to flank the Union • Sherman sent in 20 artillery pieces • Union: 3,641 • Confederate: 8,500 • Political Ramifications” McClellan was running on a Peace platform but after the capture of Atlanta and Hood’s burning of many buildings after his retreat—fired up the Northerners

  17. March to the Sea (May 1864) • Total Warfare • Scorched earth • “War is cruel. The crueler it is the sooner it will be over”-William T. Sherman • Destroyed 450 miles and cost 100 million in damage • Stole slaves and used them for manual labor • Stole pigs. Chickens, and turkeys • Burned acres of farms • “Sherman’s Neckties”: broke apart and twisted railways beyond repair • John Bell Hood and hood’s Texas Brigade: tried to distract in TN • Fought with one leg, and one usable arm, tied to his horse

  18. Andersonville: 45,000 Union prisoners; 13,000 died Camp Douglas: 18,000 Confederate prisoners; 6,000 died Deprived of blankets, adequate food, surrounded in filth Ate dogs, rats Prison Camps

  19. Appomattox (April 9th 1865) • In accordance with the substance of my letter to you of the 8th inst., I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of N. Va. on the following terms, to wit: • Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate. • The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged, and each company or regimental commander sign a like parole for the men of their commands. • The arms, artillery and public property to be parked and stacked, and turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side-arms of the officers, nor their private horses or baggage. • This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to their homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside.

  20. 1st Battle of Bull Run McLean House “the war started in my front yard and ended in my front parlor” Wilmer McLean

  21. Appomattox http://www.nps.gov/apco/photosmultimedia/photogallery.htm • Town called Appomattox Courthouse • McClean House: Surrender

  22. Appomatox • April 12th • Stacking of Arms Ceremony • 4,000-5,000 of 1st Division of the 5th U.S. Army Corps

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