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Waves

Waves. 4 Types of Waves. Transverse Longitudinal Circular Torsion. Transverse waves. A transverse wave is one in which the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. Examples: Light wave, waves on a guitar string. Longitudinal Waves.

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Waves

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  1. Waves

  2. 4 Types of Waves • Transverse • Longitudinal • Circular • Torsion

  3. Transverse waves A transverse wave is one in which the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. Examples: Light wave, waves on a guitar string.

  4. Longitudinal Waves Longitudinal wave is one in which the disturbance is parallel to the line of travel of the wave. Example: Sound wave in air is a longitudinal wave.

  5. Circular Water WavesSometimes called Surface Water Waves The motion of particles in surface water waves are circular.

  6. Circular Wave

  7. Circular Wave

  8. Torsion Waves • Particles move in a twisting motion.

  9. Particles move in a twisting motion. Torsion Waves

  10. The Doppler Effect Pitch sounds higher as truck gets closer to you. (shorter wavelength) Truck sounds lower as truck moves away. (longer wavelength)

  11. Doppler Effect

  12. Doppler Effect • http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/doppler/doppler.html • http://www.absorblearning.com/media/attachment.action?quick=153&att=2947

  13. Constructive Interference Louder sound (amplify) when compressions interfere constructively. Light gets brighter (amplify) when crest interferes with crest

  14. Destructive Interference Compressions interfere with rarefactions to make sounds quieter. Crests interfere with a trough to cancel or make a wave smaller.

  15. Noise-canceling headphones utilize destructive interference http://bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=mininav&bcsId=3138&itemId=0471663158&assetId=92188&resourceId=7923&newwindow=true

  16. Reflection of Light Law of Reflection - angle of incidence = angle of reflection. Ex: If the angle of incidence is 90 degrees the angle of reflection is _______ degrees.

  17. Reflection

  18. Standing Wave • Wave appears to be standing still because the wave is being reflected. One Standing Wave

  19. Resonance • An object vibrates sympathetically and amplifies the energy of the wave. Violin strings would be quiet without the resonance (amplification) of the violin’s body. • Some said the Tacoma Narrows Bridge fell due to the resonance with the wind. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-zczJXSxnw

  20. Natural Frequency & Resonance • Natural Frequency – frequency of an object when disturbed • Resonance – objects ability to vibrate by absorbing energy at its natural frequency

  21. Diffraction Diffraction – waves bend around an object Waves bend more if the object is smaller than the wavelength.

  22. Diffraction of Sound

  23. When light enters a new medium it changes speed and bends. Example: White light in air goes through a prism (glass) causing the white light to refract (bend) and spread out. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GKoMSvmM-s8Polyanna demonstrating refraction (1:10 to 1:13) Refraction

  24. Refraction

  25. Refraction and Speed of the Wave

  26. Concave Lens • Also called a diverging lens, looks like it is caving in. It causes light to spread out.

  27. Convex Lens Also called a converging lens and is thicker in the middle. It makes light converge or meet at a focal point.

  28. The Electromagnetic SpectrumRadio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves, Visible Light, Ultraviolet Rays, X-Rays, Gamma Rays Short Wavelength High Frequency High Energy Long Wavelength Low Frequency Low Energy Visible Light –Remember ROY G BIV Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet

  29. Infrared Rays

  30. Visible Light

  31. Ultraviolet Rays

  32. X-Rays

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