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Explore the Classical Age of Greece, the importance of political, cultural, and philosophical movements, Greek philosophers' quest for truth, and the rise and fall of the Greek Empire. Learn about key figures like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, the development of democracy, and the lasting impact of Greek civilization on Western society. Delve into the rich history and achievements of the ancient Greeks.
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Legacy of the Ancient Greeks Parthenon in Athens, Greece
Timeline 1 C.E. 2009 C.E. 700 B.C.E. |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Classical Age of Greece(700 – 323 B.C.E) • Importance:Produced a political, cultural & philosophical movement which was a key foundation for Western Civilization (B.C.E. = before common era)
Reading: Legacy of Ancient Greece Aristocrat Monarchy Mercantile Class
Term Set Format • Got Importance?
Knowledge Wisdom The ability to discern or judge what is true, right, or lasting; deep insight. Example:“We can’t solve problems with same kind of thinking we used to create them” Aware of facts/data What is a Philosopher? A philosopher studies the world & human nature to find “truth” by using reason & logic.
3 Greek Philosophers who: • Respected human intelligence • faith in the individual • Attempted to “seek truth "by using • “reason & logic” to study nature • Writings were often in argument or dialogue form Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Plato 427-347 B.C.E. Aristotle 384-322 B.C.E.
Medieval Art Rafael: School of Athens 1508
Plato & Democracy Reading • Reading
Philosopher Kings • What is virtue? • What is a benevolent ruler? • What are values? Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Plato 427-347 B.C.E. Aristotle 384-322 B.C.E.
The Trial of Socrates Video: Road to Democracy DVD Scene #10 minutes long
Road to Democracy • Solon introduces limited democracy to Athens (600BC) • created 4 classes of citizens (based on wealth not heredity) • only 1/10th of country considered “citizens” • Cleisthenesadvances democracy (500BC) • attempted to break up the power of nobility • created “council of 500” to propose new laws • Periclesintroduces direct democracy (450BC) • his rule known as Greek’s “Golden Age”
Direct Democracy vs. Republic Video: Road to Democracy DVD Scene 4
Primary Source:Pericles Reading Greek Ruler 495 – 429 BC
Greek Legacy • Considered foundation of Western Civilization • Developed Direct Democracy • Empowered the “individual” citizen • Advanced art, philosophy & science • Promoted a meritocracy vs. aristocracy • Developed 3-branches of Government • Heavily influenced the Roman Empire
The fall of the Greek Empire700 – 323 B.C.E • 461-429Golden Age of Greece under Pericles • Athens reigned supreme during period • City-States/Geography made empire difficult to unite • Sparta vs. Athens in constant conflict • 408 BCE Spartans seek Persian help to fight Athens • Sparta wins but empire greatly weakened • Sparta disbands Delian League (404 BCE)
The Fall of Democracy 383-323 BCE • Macedonia in Northern Greece establishes dominance & establishes a monarchy under King Phillip II • Alexander the Great (Phillip’s son) greatly expands empire & rules until his death (323 BCE)
Plato’s Republic • Reading
. Sparta Legacy vs. Athens Legacy Sparta had military supremacy but left little of lasting cultural significance Athens was eventually defeated by Sparta, but left a cultural legacy that influenced Western Civilization for 2,500 years!