Sustainable Rural Transportation, Maluti -a- Phofung

1. Sustainable Rural Transportation, Maluti-a-Phofung Anneri Pretorius Geography Department, UFS, Bloemfontein Supervisors: Prof. M. Mostafa, Department of Civil Engineering, CUT Prof. G. Mukwada, Department of Geography, UFS, QwaQwa

2. Overview • What? • Why? • Where? • How? • When? • Your comments, suggestions Central University of Technology, Free State Department of Civil Engineering

3. What? The impact of social exclusion (SE) upon individuals and communities is greater than the sum of its parts. • Hence, the elements of SE are: • Interconnected • Multidimensional • Mutually reinforcing • Cumulative

4. Why? • Affects the vulnerable • Improved rural transportation (RT) • Rural development • Better and self-sustaining livelihoods for communities • Sustainable social transport and mobility assessment framework (Chakwizira, 2009) • Review of rural transport research (Chakwizira & Mashiri, 2015) • Accessible + sustainable RT-infrastructure = insufficient • Divide between theory, policies, and practice. • Few experts • Budgets insufficient • Organisational and sector fragmentation

5. Why? • Delineation of equitable transport systems = gaping hole in Transport Geography (Martens & Golob, 2014) • Transport geography (Liu & Gui, 2016) • Overemphasis on traditional topics • Little recognition of “walking”, “built environment”, “inequality”, “sustainability”, “sustainable development” • Surprising! • Unique capability of TG to address ethical and social issues, inequalities within and between areas (Curl & Davidson, 2014) • System’s reliance on finite resources; equity and accessibility; socio-technical changes = core themes • Sustainability, sustainable development = emerging hotspots Kagermeier, 1999 Goetz, 2013

6. Aims + Objectives Where? • Non-urban areas • Rural areas • Afromontane environments • Project addresses need of Afromontane Research Unit (Qwaqwa) • Theme 1: Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity • Theme 2: Living and Doing Business in Afromontane Environments • Theme 3: Sustainable Futures for Afromontane Communities • Received UFS/CUT Joint Collaboration Funding • Theme 2: Living and Doing Business in Afromontane Environments • Afromontane economies • Rural development and connectivity • Food security and social-ecological systems. • Potential of tourism • Enhance well-being of the community, • But also, the accompanying environmental and social impacts • Increase research within and knowledge of Afromontane region • Level of T disadvantage? • Affect well-being? • Give voice to the communities • ST in rural context in SA • Influence transition? Why here?

7. Shaped by past mobilities: Insufficient mobility = low travel expectations (compared to those used to greater mobility) Is that why their needs are so easily forgotten and pushed down on the agenda? How? Hillier, n.d. • Holistic insight into views of, actions in, and use of space • Self-reported measures of transport disadvantage (Delbosc & Currie, 2011) • Time-space diaries (Pooley et al., 2006) and cognitive mapping • Observation • Space syntax theory and modelling (Książkiewicz, 2012) • Analyses at micro- and macro-levels • Short- and long-term simulations • Link qualitative and quantitative methods • Lack of qualitative research methods in TG • Quantitative methods used in isolation • Infrastructure failing needs of community

8. Intervention

9. Sustainable Transport Framework Outcome Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality Ideally everywhere and for everyone SD, Open-Ended Orientation for Change Find golden thread NATMAP 2050? New knowledge for Afromontane region Bigger than ST = SD Proudly South African

10. When? • 2 – 3 years timeline • Exploring and testing • January – June 2017 • Rethinking • July – December 2017 • Fieldwork • January to June 2018 • Data analysis • July – December 2018 • Framework • January – June 2019

11. Comments, Suggestions Central University of Technology, Free State Department of Civil Engineering