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Carbon Monomers – The smaller groups of carbon atoms that are built into larger units

The Structure and Function of Macromolecules. Carbon atoms form the building blocks of all other organic molecules Carbon atoms are usually put together into small molecules to build larger macromolecules. Carbon Monomers – The smaller groups of carbon atoms that are built into larger units

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Carbon Monomers – The smaller groups of carbon atoms that are built into larger units

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  1. The Structure and Function of Macromolecules • Carbon atoms form the building blocks of all other organic molecules • Carbon atoms are usually put together into small molecules to build larger macromolecules Carbon Monomers – The smaller groups of carbon atoms that are built into larger units Carbon Polymers – The large macromolecules made up of monomers Organic Monomers Organic Polymers a. Simple sugars (Monosaccharides) a. Starches (Polysaccharides) b. Fatty acids and glycerol b. Lipids c. Amino Acids c. Proteins (Polypeptides) d. Nucleotides d. Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA) Monomers Polymer + + H2O H2O H2O H2O Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) Hydrolysis

  2. 1. Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic Acids

  3. Organic Nutrient Atoms Names Structure Examples Function Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen “Carbs” Most end in “ose” Sugars Starches Wood Quick Energy Stored Energy Structure Support C(H2O) n H:O = 2:1 Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Simple Sugars Glucose Fructose Galactose (isomers) Quick Energy C6H12O6 Maltose Sucrose Lactose Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Double Sugars C12H22O11 Quick Energy Amylose Glycogen Cellulose Chitin Energy Storage Structure & support X 5000 = X 30 = X 10,000 = Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Starches

  4. Slide 23

  5. Slide 23

  6. Chitin: A Modified Polysaccharide Slide 3

  7. Forms of a Monosaccharide Linear Form Ring Form (Physiological Conditions) Abbreviated Ring Structure Slide 3

  8. A Disaccharide From 2 Monosaccharides Maltose from Glucose + Glucose Sucrose from Glucose + Fructose Slide 3

  9. Slide 12

  10. HO Short polymer Slide 1

  11. CARBOHYDRATES Slide 3

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