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Health Belief Model (HBM)

Health Belief Model (HBM). Weitz pgs. 40-41 http ://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Health%20Communication/Health_Belief_Model.doc / Examples http :// www.etr.org/recapp/theories/hbm/Resources.htm. Orientation . Social Psychological

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Health Belief Model (HBM)

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  1. Health Belief Model (HBM) Weitz pgs. 40-41 http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Health%20Communication/Health_Belief_Model.doc/ Examples http://www.etr.org/recapp/theories/hbm/Resources.htm

  2. Orientation Social Psychological Developed by social psychologists Hochbaum, Rosenstock and Kegels 1950's

  3. Application Developed in U.S. Public Health System Original Purpose: Explaining compliance, or lack thereof, in TB screening program Adaptations: Many, especially popular with sexual risk,HIV/AIDS

  4. Core Assumptions • 1) individual will act if he/she feels that a negative health condition can be avoided. • 2) individual expects that the recommended action will enable him or her avoid the negative health condition. • 3) individuals thinks that he/she can successfully take the recommended action (self-efficacy).

  5. Key Elements • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  6. Perceived Susceptibility Q: How likely am I to get this condition? Am I part of a population(s) at risk? Is my own behavior risky? YES: I believe I can get pregnant or get an STD because I’m sexually active. NO: No, that won’t happen to me. We’re careful and we’re monogamous.

  7. Perceived Severity Q: Is getting pregnant bad? How serious and treatable are STDs? • YES: If I get pregnant, it will ruin all my life plans. And if I get a STD, it could be really bad. It would be embarrassing to go to the doctors and to tell my parents. Some STDs could make me infertile or even kill me. • NO: It wouldn’t be so bad if I got pregnant. Lots of girls do and if I get a STD, they can give me some pills at the clinic. It’s not that big of a deal.

  8. Perceived Benefits Q. Will using birth control reduce my risk of getting pregnant or of getting a STD? YES: If I use birth control, I’m less likely to get pregnant, especially if I use the pill. I’d have to use a condom too to protect against STDs. NO: Birth control doesn’t always work. Condoms break and sometimes the pill doesn’t work.

  9. Perceived Barriers Q: I think I’d feel OK using the pill, but I don’t know about condoms. YES: I can use the pill and I guess I could get used to using a condom if my boyfriend was OK about it. NO: I don’t know if I can get the pills without my parents finding out I’m having sex and my boyfriend doesn’t like condoms.

  10. Cues to Action Q. How can I get the pills without my parents knowing I’m having sex and where can I get condoms? YES: The clinic at school has a poster that says I can go there to get pills and condoms. NO: I don’t know who to ask. I can’t ask my family doctor because she’ll probably tell my folks.

  11. Self-Efficacy Q: Can I do this? YES: I can get the pills and the condoms at the clinic and I don’t want to get a STD and I really don’t want to get pregnant so my boyfriend is just going to have to go with the new plan. NO: Even if I could get the pills, which I don’t really know about, I can’t get my boyfriend to use a condom. So, whatever….

  12. Health Lifestyle Theory Factors How might class, age, sex, ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability status, etc. affect… • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  13. Health Lifestyle Theory Factors How might cultural memberships, such as religious, social, and political affiliations affect… • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  14. Health Lifestyle Theory Factors How might living conditions , such as housing, food, neighborhood safety, etc. affect… • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  15. Health Lifestyle Theory Factors How might socialization and life experiences affect… • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  16. Health Lifestyle Theory Factors How might other healthy and unhealthy lifestyle factors affect…. • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

  17. Social Stress Status: A position occupied in a social institution. Role: The expected behaviors associated with a status. Role Conflict: Conflicting role expectations associated with two or more statuses. Role Strain: Conflicting role expectations within a single status.

  18. Social Stress How might acute or chronic role strain and role conflict affect… • Perceived Susceptibility • Perceived Severity • Perceived Benefits • Perceived Barriers • Cues to Action • Self-Efficacy

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