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The Far West and Territorial Crisis

The Far West and Territorial Crisis. I. Geopolitics and the expansion of American power. Oregon Texas Mexican- American War. A. Oregon. American – British control Midwestern & Yankee settlers “54’40 or fight!”. B. Tejas.

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The Far West and Territorial Crisis

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  1. The Far West and Territorial Crisis

  2. I. Geopolitics and the expansion of American power Oregon Texas Mexican- American War

  3. A. Oregon • American – British control • Midwestern & Yankeesettlers • “54’40 or fight!”

  4. B. Tejas • 1821 – Mexican IndependenceMoses Austin Stephen F. Austin 2. Tejanos & tension Alamo, 1836

  5. 3. Republic of Texas (1836)- struggle for admission (1845) 4. Disputed boundaries

  6. C. Mexican-American War, 1846-1848 • James K. Polk - politics of expansion 2. Plan backfires Henry David ThoreauCivil Disobedience

  7. 3. Wilmot Proviso, 1846 - breakdown of national party system - southern Dems & Whigs unite - northern Whigs & Dems lose credibility - 1848, Free Soil Party

  8. II. Territorial Crisis and Coming of the Civil War

  9. A. Questions remaining • California Gold Rush • Slavery in D.C. • Fugitive Slave Act

  10. B. Compromise of 1850 • California admitted as free state • Popular Sovereignty in other territories • Slave trade abolished in D.C. • Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

  11. The Republic is saved… …not quite Left open the possibility that slavery could or could not expand Reopened “constitutionality” of slavery Fugitive Slave Act wildly unpopular in North

  12. III. Things Fall Apart

  13. A. Popular Sovereignty • Stephen Douglas

  14. 2. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 - violation of MO Compromise 3. Race to settle Plains

  15. B. “Bleeding Kansas” • 1855, Lecompton Constitution • Open warfare Sack of Lawrence, 1856 Pottawatomie Creek Massacre, 1856 Violation of Popular Sovereignty

  16. C. Dred Scott Case, 1857 Dred Scott Roger Taney 1. Constitution protected slavery everywhere

  17. South: Any further opposition to spread of slavery was a threat to Constitutional rights of Southerners North: Texas, Mexico, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska, Dred Scott… …victory of the Slave Power Conspiracy

  18. 1854 – (modern) Republican Partycoalition formed in opposition to (spread of) slavery Free Soilers, Free Labor Ideology progressives, northern Whigs, industrialists Abolitionists 1 region – 1 unifying issue

  19. D. 1860 • 4 candidates, one result(Lincoln, Douglas, Bell, Breckinridge) • Pro-slave faction permanent minority

  20. E. Southern Radicals 1. Deep South revolt • Dec. 20, 1860 – South Carolina Convention • followed by MS, AL, GA, LA, TX by February • Montgomery Convention, Feb. 1861 Confederate States of America

  21. 2. Confederate Constitutionstrong states’ rights no abolition of slavery Jefferson Davis

  22. F. Presidential response • “Lame Duck” Buchanan • Abraham Lincoln • April 1861, Ft. Sumter

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