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Block 5 Debate. Block 3 Debate. Industrial Revolution Begins In Great Britain. Industrial Revolution : Greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18 th century. I. Factors for Success.
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Industrial Revolution: Greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th century.
I. Factors for Success • Exploration and Colonialism- Great Britain claimed colonies around the world that produced great amounts of raw materials- ex. Cotton fiber • Seapower- Britain could bring in raw materials and send trade around the world due to having the largest, most powerful navy and merchant fleet in the world. • Political stability- Country at peace, despite wars fought in the 1700s • Identify the war(s) was Britain involved in. • Government support- Parliament passed laws that helped businesses compete against those of other nations • Growth of private investment- Private businesses funded experiments for creating better products.
II. Agricultural Factors • Farmers experimented with new agricultural methods -ex. Wealthy farmer JethroTull invented the seed drill in 1701- made planting more efficient -ex. Livestock breeding was improved so that animals were healthier -ex. More variety of food crops were developed, such as potatoes • Enclosure movement- wealthy landowners could buy up fields that had been shared by rich and poor farmers and create large fenced in farms greater food supply • What happens to the poor farmers that had shared these fields?
III. Britain’s Big Advantage • Britain contained all the factors of production- or essential elements a nation needs to achieve economic success: LAND, LABOR, and CAPITAL • Land- natural resources • Coal- for fuel • Iron to make steel • Streams and rivers to generate power • Canals for transportation: 1,000 miles of canals in the mid-1700s and 4,000 miles by 1800. • Labor • Growing population- made a larger food supply necessary • Poor farmers lost fields/farmland and could now work in industry • Capital- funds for investment in business • Prosperous country- people had money to spend • “Human Capital”- People with abilities and skills needed in industry • - ex. inventors like Tull