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Manaus

Manaus. K34 tower. Manaus. A: vertical distribution of trace gases over the tower:

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Manaus

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  1. Manaus K34 tower Manaus A: vertical distribution of trace gases over the tower: flight pattern: after takeoff the Bandeirante plane headed north and spiralled up to 3000m above the K34 tower, where continuous flux measurements are performed. Afterwards constant levels were flown for 15 min. at 6 different heights on flight legs NE of the K34 tower (VOC and isotope sampling - cf. CLAIRE 08 flight track). objectives: - derive CO2- and H2O-fluxes from CBL profiles - compare these CO2- and H2O-fluxes to EC measurements (tower) - extend the approach to reactive gases (NOx, O3 and VOCs) - quantify the net NOx-emission from the forest and its influence on the oxidative capacity of the tropical atmosphere - compare VOC fluxes to REA measurements and above canopy profiles preliminary results: the figures below show the concentration profiles of (from left to right): (flight 08) condensation particles and cloud condensation nucleï; isoprene, methacrolein, methyl vinyl ketone and a-pinene; NO and ozone; CO2 and potential temperature. CLAIRE 2001 airborne measurementsAxel Thielmann1, Jon Lloyd2, Greg Roberts1, Jean Sciare1, Olaf Kolle2, Uwe Kuhn1, Tamara Dindorf1, Michael Welling1,Társis Germano3 , Luciana Vanni Gatti3, Paulo Artaxo3, Jürgen Kesselmeier1, Franz Meixner1, Meinrat Andreae1 1: MPI for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry Dept., Mainz, Germany 2: MPI for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Group, Jena, Germany 3: Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil B: transections of the Manaus plume: flight pattern: after identifying the location of the plume, transections were flown at different distances from the urban center at several heights (cf. CLAIRE 11 flight track). objectives: - study the formation of secondary organic particles - study the formation of ozone preliminary results: plume dispersion is highly influenced by a river breeze system over the Rio Negro, (flight 11) which is 20km wide West of Manaus. The figures show transections of the plume at different heights on the flight leg at 60°25' W. References: Denmead, O.T. et al., Boundary layer budgets for regional estimates of scalar fluxes, Global Change Biology, 2 (3), 255-264, 1996. Lerdau, M.T. et al., The NO2 flux conundrum, Science, 289, 2291-2292, 2000. Lloyd, J. et al., Vertical profiles, boundary layer budgets, and regional flux estimates for CO2 and its C-13/C-12 ratio and for water vapor above a forest/bog mosaic in central Siberia, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 15 (2), 267-284, 2001. Raupach, M.R. et al., Challenges in linking atmospheric CO2 concentrations to fluxes at local and regional scales, Australian Journal of Botany, 40 (4-5), 697-716, 1992.

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