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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. Ecological Restoration. The Balance of Nature. An environmental myth that states that the natural environment, when not influenced by human activity, will reach a constant status, unchanging over time. What needs to be restored?. Wetlands, Rivers and Streams

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 Ecological Restoration

  2. The Balance of Nature • An environmental myth that states that the natural environment, when not influenced by human activity, will reach a constant status, unchanging over time.

  3. What needs to be restored? • Wetlands, Rivers and Streams • (Ex: Kissimmee River, Everglades National Park) • Prairie Restoration • (Ex: Allwine Prairie)

  4. When Nature Restores Itself: The Process of Ecological Succession Ecological Succession: The process of the development of an ecological community or ecosystem. Two Types: • Primary Succession: The initial establishment and development of an ecosystem • Secondary Succession: The reestablishment of an ecosystem where there are remnants of a previous biological community

  5. Patterns in Succession • An initial kind of vegetation specially adapted to the unstable conditions • Small plants and other early-successional species grow and seeds spread rapidly. • Larger plants and other late successional species enter and begin to dominate the site. • A mature forest develops. Examples of Succession: Dune Succession, Bog Succession, Old-Field Succession

  6. Bog Succession

  7. Succession and Chemical Cycling • Biomass, production, diversity and chemical cycling change during succession • Biomass and diversity peak in mid-succession, increasing at first to a maximum, then declining and varying over time.

  8. Species Change in Succession Earlier and later species in succession may interact in three ways: • Facilitation • Interference • Life history differences If they do not interact, the result is termed chronic patchiness

  9. Facilitation • During succession, one species prepares the way for the next (and may even be necessary for the occurrence of the next)

  10. Interference • During succession, one species prevents the entrance of a later species into an ecosystem. • Ex) Some grasses produce dense and thick mats so the seeds of trees cannot reach the soil to germinate

  11. Life History Difference • The difference in the life histories of the species allow some time to arrive first and grow quickly, while others arrive late and grow more slowly • Ex) seed disbursal

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