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Basic Circuits Electricity Video 2

Basic Circuits Electricity Video 2. Circuits. What is a circuit? A circuit is a closed conducting pathway. When we draw a circuit, we actually draw a schematic diagram . Using a schematic diagram allows you to construct circuits too. The Symbols. Resistor. Capacitor. Switch. Battery.

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Basic Circuits Electricity Video 2

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  1. Basic CircuitsElectricity Video 2

  2. Circuits • What is a circuit? • A circuit is a closed conducting pathway. • When we draw a circuit, we actually draw a schematic diagram. • Using a schematic diagram allows you to construct circuits too.

  3. The Symbols Resistor Capacitor Switch Battery Potentiometer Ground Light bulb

  4. The Terms • A closed circuit is a circuit through which electric charges can flow. • An open circuit is a circuit through which no electric charges can flow. • A load is any element or group of elements that can dissipate energy.

  5. Short Circuit • What happens when you have a short circuit? • Imagine putting a wire with no load across both ends of a battery. • This can cause a fire!

  6. Grounding • What would happen if you’re hit by lightning? • What happens to buildings when they are hit by lightning? • Most buildings have lightning rods that offer a straight path for the lightning to the ground. • Grounding allows the electrons to go straight to the earth and not harm the things in between.

  7. Fuses • Have you ever blown a fuse? • A fuse is a small piece of wire that melts if the current gets too high. When it melts, it breaks the circuit. • A circuit breaker does the same thing as a fuse. It contains a piece of metal that bends when it is too hot. This bending opens the circuit. • Why are fuses and circuit breakers good things?

  8. Emf (Voltage) • What would happen if you connected two wires to a light bulb? • Without a battery, there is no flow of charges. • A battery or any device that increases the flow of potential energy and electrical energy in a circuit is known as a source of emf.

  9. Types of Circuits • There are 2 types of circuits • Series circuits • Parallel circuits

  10. Series Circuits • In a series circuit, there is only one path for the electric charges to flow. • What happens if the first bulb burns out?

  11. Parallel Circuits • In a parallel circuit, there is more than one way for the circuit. A parallel circuit has branches. • What happens when 1 bulb burns out?

  12. Resistors in Series • When moving in a series, charges that go through one device must travel through another. This affects the current in the circuit. • The more resistors in a series circuit, the lower the current. However, the current is equally distributed over each resistor.

  13. Resistors in Series • The total resistance of the circuit can be calculated by adding all the resistance in the circuit. • This number is called the equivalent resistance. • What about voltage?

  14. Problem 3 • A 9.0 V battery is connected to four light bulbs in series. Resistance is as follows: 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 5 Ω, and 7 Ω. Find the equivalent resistance and the total current in the circuit.

  15. Resistors in Parallel • In a parallel circuit, the current has many paths that it can take. • In a parallel circuit, the potential difference is the same at each resistor. • This means that you will sum the current to get the total current of the circuit.

  16. Resistors in Parallel • The equivalent resistance is the reciprocal of the sum of the individual resistances.

  17. Problem 4 • A 9.0 V battery is connected to four light bulbs in parallel. Resistance is as follows: 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 5 Ω, and 7 Ω. Find the equivalent resistance and the total current in the circuit.

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