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Chapter 3.3 How Introduced Species Affect Ecosystems

Chapter 3.3 How Introduced Species Affect Ecosystems. Road map for today. Go over and mark WB pages 46-49 Warm up game Native vs. non-native species Invasive species and their impacts (4) W orkbook pages 52-55. What’s happening here?. Warm-up game: Name That (Invasive) Species.

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Chapter 3.3 How Introduced Species Affect Ecosystems

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  1. Chapter 3.3How Introduced Species Affect Ecosystems

  2. Road map for today • Go over and mark WB pages 46-49 • Warm up game • Native vs. non-native species • Invasive species and their impacts (4) • Workbook pages 52-55

  3. What’s happening here?

  4. Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species

  5. Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species

  6. Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species

  7. “A public health hazard, hogweed's clear, watery sap has toxins that cause photo-dermatitis. Skin contact followed by exposure to sunlight produces painful, burning blisters that may develop into purplish or blackened scars.” -Noxious weeds, King County, Washington http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/animalsAndPlants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/giant-hogweed.aspx

  8. Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species

  9. Warm-up game: Name That (Invasive) Species Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFchSGI0jB4

  10. Native species vs. non-native species • Native species are plants and animals that naturally inhabit an area • Introduced species new species of plants and animals introduced accidentally or on purpose • A.K.A. foreign species, non-native species, exotic species, or alien species • Many of these species are harmless, or sometimes even beneficial • Occurred due to immigration over past 400 years

  11. Invasive species • Organisms that can take over the habitat of native species or invade their bodies, thus weakening immune system.

  12. Invasive Species • Often have high reproductive rates, are aggressive competitors, and lack natural predators in new habitats • Have potential to dramatically change ecosystems through • Competition • Predation • Disease and parasitism • Habitat alteration

  13. Impacts of invasive species • Competition: invasive species compete against native species for essential resources such as food and habitat • Predation: invasive species can have more impact on a prey population than native predators, as prey may not have adaptations to escape or fight them off American Bullfrog

  14. Impacts of invasive species • Disease and Parasitism: can weaken the immune response of an ecosystem’s native plants and animals, influencing humans • Allows opportunity for less dominant species to outcompete other species European Starling outcompetes western bluebirds for nesting habitat Norway Rat Eats ground-nesting sea birds’ eggs

  15. Impact of Invasive Species • Habitat alteration: make a natural habitat unsuitable for native species by changing its structure or composition • E.g., scotch broom acidifies soil • Change light level • Decrease dissolved O2 • Change soil chemistry • Increase soil erosion

  16. West Nile Virus • Introduced to U.S. in 1999, started causing deaths in birds and illness in humans in NY • Carried by mosquito How is this related to invasive species? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVk5rfIA4kU

  17. Pick two • Silent Invaders • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JQ6oHjpeqU • Spit • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqoT8tcZq6k • Death Scent • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LkRChkUIRM

  18. Habitat alteration • Eurasian Milfoil first ID’d in Okanagan Lake in 1970. • Forms wide, dense mats at lake surfaces • Cuts off sunlight • Interferes with boaters/swimmers • Can grow from fragments  spreads!!!

  19. Saving an Ecosystem Under Siege • Often requires human intervention to save established ecosystems • Garry Oak Ecosystem Recovery Team (GOERT) is trying to save several areas because Garry Oak trees: • Are a Keystone Species • May be better suited for future than Douglas fir forests • Scotch broom, and English ivy are biggest threats

  20. Garry Oak Forests • 95% of the original ecosystem has been lost to urban development • The remaining 5% is threatened by invasive species.

  21. Cleaning up the fragments of the chapter • Native species • Non-native species • Invasive species • Impacts of invasive species (4) • Workbook pages 52- 55 • Next class…Ch3 review! Coming up… Ch 3 Celebration of Learning! 

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