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BIOINDICATION IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

BIOINDICATION IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS. Fish. Fish. Fish and other aquatic vertebrates can indicate stream quality Extensive life history information is available for many species,

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BIOINDICATION IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

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  1. BIOINDICATIONIN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

  2. Fish

  3. Fish • Fish and other aquatic vertebrates can indicate stream quality • Extensive life history information is available for many species, • Because many fish are high order consumers, they often reflect the responses of the entire trophic structure to environmental stress • Fish provide a more publicly understandable indicator of environmental degradation • Fish generally have long life histories and integrate pollution effects over longer time periods and large spatial scales

  4. Fish • Varieties • Collection Methods • Seines • Electroshocking • Backpack • Barge or boat

  5. USFWS Electroshocking http://www.epa.gov/nerlesd1/land-sci/water/fig9.htm

  6. Major groups of fish • Petromyzontidae - lampreys • Acipenseridae – sturgeons • Amiidae – bowfin • Cyprinidae – minnows, dace, chubs, carp • Catostomidae – suckers • Ictaluridae – bullheads, catfish, madtoms • Esocidae – pike • Umbridae – mudminnows • Umbridae – salmon, trout, whitefish • Gasterosteidae – sticklebacks • Cottidae – sculpins • Moronidae – white perch, white bass • Centrarchidae – bass, sunfish • Centrarchidae – darters, perch, walleye

  7. Fish – trophic designations • Piscivore • Herbivore • Omnivore • Insectivore • Filter feeder • Generalist • Invertivore

  8. http://www.epa.gov/nerlesd1/land-sci/water/fig3.htm Fish: index of biotic integrity

  9. Fish: index of biotic integrity • This index is a scientifically validated combination of measurements concerning fish communities in streams and rivers. • The components of a typical fish IBI fall into three broad categories: • fish species richness and abundance, • food chain composition and reproductive function, and • fish abundance and condition.

  10. Fish: index of biotic integrity • An IBI is expressed as a single index value, based on the measurements of particular characteristics of the stream or river • Because the rivers and streams are physically, chemically and biologically diverse, the measured characteristics are compared to specific reference values for the type and location of river or stream.

  11. Fish: index of biotic integrity • IBI values range from 0 to 100. • A low IBI value indicates the fish community is substantially different from a minimally disturbed stream in the same geographic area. • A high IBI value indicates the fish community is similar to a minimally disturbed stream in the same geographic region

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