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The Rocks Matter: energy, extraction and natural resource considerations in Missouri

The Rocks Matter: energy, extraction and natural resource considerations in Missouri. Joe Gillman State Geologist and Director Missouri Geological Survey Department of Natural Resources Maryville, Missouri, October 2014. Missouri’s historic production of carbon based energy resources. Coal.

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The Rocks Matter: energy, extraction and natural resource considerations in Missouri

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  1. The Rocks Matter: energy, extraction and natural resource considerations in Missouri Joe Gillman State Geologist and Director Missouri Geological Survey Department of Natural Resources Maryville, Missouri, October 2014

  2. Missouri’s historic production of carbon based energy resources Coal Oil Gas

  3. The End

  4. Missouri’s historic production of carbon based energy resources

  5. Missouri’s historic production of carbon based energy resources

  6. Current trends Coal • 2 operating mines • Significant economically recoverable reserves • Bituminous • 3-6% sulfur, 10% ash content • Technology – IGCC, GTL, ISC, other • Future of Missouri coal? • Demand? • Technology?

  7. Current trends Oil • Very little primary production • Increasing exploration and secondary/tertiary production– steam, water, CO2 • Oil sands - significant economically recoverable reserves • Low sulfur, high gravity • 75-80% $$ WTI • Technology – horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing, mining, other • Future of Missouri oil? • Demand? • Technology? • Water?

  8. Current trends Gas • Very little production • Associated with oil recovery, not primary • Coal Bed Methane – known occurrence; unknown quality or reserves • Technology – horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing, other • Future of Missouri gas? • New Discovery? • Technology? • Water?

  9. Alternative Energy and Natural Resources Wind Solar Battery Geothermal

  10. Current trends Wind • A single 3-MW wind turbine requires: • 335 tons of steel • 4.7 tons copper • 1,200 tons industrial minerals • 3 tons aluminum • 2 tons REE (Samarium-neodymium-holmium-gadolinium-praseodymium-dysprosium) • Upstream issues? • Economic opportunity? • Water?

  11. Current trends Solar • Photovoltaic cells and solar concentrators: • High purity silica • Copper-indium-gallium-selenium • Molybdenum • Cadmium-Tellurium • Aluminum • Nickel • Upstream issues? • Economic opportunity? • Water?

  12. Current trends Battery • Battery technology requires: • Vanadium-zinc-cerium-bromine-lead-nickel-lithium-cobalt • Copper-indium-gallium-selenium • Cadmium-tellurium • Upstream issues? • Economic opportunity? • Water?

  13. Current trends Geothermal • Geologic/geographic restriction • Uniqueness of the resource • Not scalable • Induced seismicity • Ground Source Heat Exchange • Upstream issues? • Economic opportunity? • Water?

  14. Missouri operations • Currently 23 oil and gas operators in Missouri • Energy prices and demand will drive E/P • Technology breakthroughs could lead to substantial increases • Missouri oil and gas operators: • no oil and gas permit fees • not required to pay full cost well closure bonding • pay no oversight/regulatory expenses to the State • pay no severance taxes • no regulation addressing hydraulic fracturing • Regulatory? • Economic opportunity? • State Energy Plan?

  15. The Rocks Matter • Earth resources are essential to energy sources of all types. • The supply chain is long and global – and the public is generally shielded from thinking about it • Legacy issues – past, present, future • Influence on other elements: water, landscapes, food, environmental health, climate, jobs, public health • Hazards and risks: Real? Perceived? City Utilities- JTEC DSI work plan meeting – June 18

  16. Public Health Economy Security Natural Resources Eco- systems Energy Supply Water Extraction Climate

  17. Thank You joe.gillman@dnr.mo.gov

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