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Computer Graphics & Animation

Computer Graphics & Animation. Contents. Introduction Usage, Application & Advantages Video Display Devices Output Devices Input Devices Soft wares Graphics in C/C++ (graphics.h) Attributes. Contents (contd.). DMA Text Processing. Interrupts & Services. Pixel (DMA, Interrupt).

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Computer Graphics & Animation

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  1. Computer Graphics & Animation

  2. Contents • Introduction • Usage, Application & Advantages • Video Display Devices • Output Devices • Input Devices • Soft wares • Graphics in C/C++ (graphics.h) • Attributes

  3. Contents (contd.) • DMA Text Processing. • Interrupts & Services. • Pixel (DMA, Interrupt). • Put Char. • Line, Rectangle, Polygon, Bar. • Circle, Ellipse & Arc. • Filling • Save Area, Save Screen.

  4. Contents (contd.) • Transformation, Rotation & Scaling. • Clipping

  5. History of Computers (Modern) • 1980 XT [DOS] • 1990 XT, AT(286, 386) [Win 3.x,OS2] • 1995 286, 386SX, 386DX, 486, . 486DX, 486DX2, 486DX4, . Pentium (50~166 MHz) . Pentium (166~200 MMX) Windows 95, OS2, WARP • Today Pentium I, II, III, IV, Cyrix . Windows 9x, WinNT x Win XP

  6. Uses of CGA • Computer Aided Design ( CAD ) • Architecture • Animation • Virtual Reality • Presentation Graphics • Reports • Slides • Transparencies • Computer Art • Fine Art • Commercial Art

  7. Uses of CGA (contd.) • Entertainment • Motion Pictures • Videos • TV Shows • Education and Training • Students • Scientists • Visualization • Data to visual form

  8. Uses of CGA (contd.) • Image Processing • Interpretation • Enhancement • Graphical User Interface • User’s View of Computer • WYSIWYG • Pointing Device • Touch Sensitive

  9. Video Display Devices • Cathode Ray Tube • Electrons from Gun focused by coils to screen coated by Phosphor • Luminance

  10. Video Display Devices • Raster Scan Technique • Line by line • Television Technology • Frame buffer or refresh buffer • Double buffering • Depth depends on color storing method • 32 bit, 24bit, 16 bit, 8bit and 1 bit • Bitmap / Pixmap • Refresh rate 60~80 Frames / Second or Hz • Horizontal Retrace / Vertical Retrace • Flickering

  11. Video Display Devices • Interlacing • Enhanced Raster Scan System • Horizontal Retrace at end • Horizontal Retrace at start of alternate lines • Vertical Retrace twice in a frame • No Flickering • Better Speed • Better View

  12. Video Display Devices • Random Scan Technique • Object by Object • Refresh display file • Display list • Display program • Refresh buffer • Non Realistic • Smooth lines • Constant Curves

  13. Video Display Devices • Color Monitors • Different color emitting Phosphors • Use of same CRT • Mixing of Phosphors • Beam Penetration • Shadow Masking

  14. Video Display Devices • Beam Penetration • Random Scan Method • Two Layers • Red • Green • Depth decides the color • Two Secondary colors • Orange / Yellow • Bad Quality / Four available colors • Speed Slow Red • Speed Fast Green

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