Social Work 120

1. Social Work 120 Valerie Southard Session 1 – Spring 2011 Week 10 4/11/11

2. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century The result of massive bank failures and the stock market crash in 1929 Lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. Problems were compounded by a massive draught The Great Depression

3. 32ndPresident of the United States

4. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century The result of massive bank failures and the stock market crash in 1929 Lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. Problems were compounded by a massive draught The Great Depression

5. FERA NIRA Works Progress Admin. (WPA) Alleviated household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state government. Instituted federal control of production, prices and rights of workers in industry Government hired workers until the economy recovered employed millions to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects Roosevelt’s Emergency Measures

6. FERA NIRA Works Progress Admin. (WPA) Alleviated household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state government. Instituted federal control of production, prices and rights of workers in industry Government hired workers until the economy recovered employed millions to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects Roosevelt’s Emergency Measures

7. Roosevelt’s “grand design” for social welfare is called the: • New Relief Act • Social Security Acts • New Deal • Work Progress Act

8. Other New Deal Programs • Agriculture Adjustment Act 1933 • Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. • National Youth Authority • Civilian Conservation Corp

9. Women in the New Deal • Brought women into the Roosevelt administration • Actively supported civil rights legislation • Defended social welfare programs Eleanor Roosevelt

10. Social insurance should be a human right No one should be ill-housed, ill-clothed or ill-fed Health insurance was not included because of overwhelming opposition from the AMA Social Insurance

11. Roosevelt’s Grand Design for national income support did not seek to: • Maintain a low-wage work force • Control the rebellious needy • Deprive public assistance to the unworthy poor • Provide social insurance to the worthy poor (page 293)

12. Social Security Acts • Two systems: • Federal social insurance for people connected to the work force • Public assistance • Consisted of two pieces of legislation: • A payroll tax • A pension plan

13. Old Age Survivor Benefits • OAS – Old Age Insurance – retirement pensions for people over 65 • OASI – Survivors Benefits for widows added in 1939 • Social Security Administration was established to run the program • An entitlement program – social insurance program

14. Unemployment Compensation • Provides regular cash benefits for a limited time to people who have worked a certain period and then have been layed off • Grant is much less than what was earned • Every state administers its own compensation program; varies from state to state • An entitlement program – social insurance program

15. Workmen’s Compensation • Provides benefits to victims of work-related accidents or illnesses, regardless of fault • Employers fund the programs • States set up their own programs • An entitlement program – social insurance program

16. Public Assistance Programs of the SSAs • Old Age Assistance (OOA) • Aid to the Blind • Aid to Dependent Children • Eligibility based on means testing

17. Old Age Assistance • Provides income for people over age 65 who did not have enough saving for retirement or had never worked • Federal/state shared funding

18. Aid to the Blind and Aid to the Disabled • AB for people judged legally blind by a physician • Aid to the Disabled was not added until 1956 • Supplemental Security Income (SSI) – federally administered

19. Aid to Dependent Children • Restricted to children under 16 years old who were deprived of parental support or care • Only applied to those judged “fit and proper.”Others had to: • Find jobs • Give up their children • Have them removed under neglect statutes • Grants were always low

20. Which two are provisions of the Social Security Acts? • Old Age Insurance which provided benefits for retired persons who worked • Immigration Assistance which provided benefits to those immigrant who could not find work • Aid to Dependent Children which provided for needy children • Veterans Benefits which provided grants to those who had served in World War I

21. Maternal and Child Welfare Act: Title V • Child welfare services for the care of homeless, dependent, and neglected children or those at risk of becoming dependents • Vocational training and rehabilitation for cripple and physically handicapped children • Programs for maternal and child healthhttp://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/

22. Professionalization of Social Work • Social Security Act moved funding from private to federal agencies • Bureaus of Social Aid under the states’ administration included college educated workers who were critical of the programs • Social worker trade unions grew out of the BSA sector

23. Which factor did not contribute to the downfall of social worker unions in the 1930’s? • The casework model had been incorporated into what was thought of as professional social work. • Non-union social workers campaigned against the high wages of unionized social workers. • People who needed help paying bills were seen as having psychological problems. • Social work union activities were seen as communist ideas. (page 300-303)

24. World War II • Began in 1939 • U.S. entered the War in 1941 with the attack on Pearl Harbor • Ended 1945

25. Internment of Japanese Americans • 1942 – President Roosevelt proclaimed that no Germans, Italians or Japanese could reside along the west coast of the US • Only Japanese were interned in concentration camps - 2/3 were citizens • Many moved East; some gave up US Citizenship; some released for work; some joined the military • Cost millions in losses to the Japanese and to the US government

26. Children walk between barracks at the Minidoka interment camp in Hunt, Idaho, in 1943. Associated Press

27. The War Years • African-Americans, Mexicans and Mexican Americans, and women became vital to the workforce • Federal government endorsed equal pay for women • Improved working conditions, including day care facilities

28. Minority Group during WWII • The programs developed through the New Deal set racial quotas • The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 stopped forced assimilation into mainstream culture • Limited but steady gains for African Americans • Mexican-Americans, both men and women, served in the military during WWII

29. Because many soldiers were from minority ethnic groups, their service resulted in an easing of racial tensions and discrimination. • True • False

30. Social Services during WWII • Community Facilities Act helped American gear up for the war • Education became a major service goal • Servicemen’s Dependent Allowance Act gave allotments to families who had men serving in the war

31. Social Services after WWII • 52-20 Plan provided an allotment for a year after return from service • Servicemen’s Readjustment Act better known as the G.I Bill • Provided stipends to support veteran families while they went to school, paid for tuition, subsidized home and business loans • National Mental Health Act 1946 • Response to the needs of servicemen returning from war • Community mental health services opened more opportunities for social workers

32. Women after WWII • It became their patriotic duty to leave their jobs and return to homemaking. • Protectionist law were reinstated • A desire of a women to work was seen as a maladjustment

33. Two social programs aims at assisting returning soldiers at the end of WWII were: • A program that gave them U.S. citizenship if they had not been citizens • A program that paid soldiers a monetary allotment for a year after they returned • A program for women soldiers that guaranteed employment • A program that paid college tuition