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Roots of Democracy

Roots of Democracy. What ideas gave birth to the world’s first modern democratic nation?. Which of these is an example of separation of powers? A Representatives rewrite a bill in committee meetings. B Representatives hold hearings to hear public opinion.

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Roots of Democracy

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  1. Roots of Democracy What ideas gave birth to the world’s first modern democratic nation?

  2. Which of these is an example of separation of powers? A Representatives rewrite a bill in committee meetings. B Representatives hold hearings to hear public opinion. C The President enforces a law passed by Congress. D The President fires a cabinet member who is performing poorly. Which of these is a power of the United States Supreme Court? F To enforce laws G To interpret laws H To veto laws J To pass laws

  3. Ancient Roots • Greece: Direct Democracy • Rome: Representative Democracy

  4. Representative Government* • power is exercised by elected leaders who work in the interests of the people

  5. 1215 Magna Carta • Established the idea of limited government with rule of law.

  6. Rule of Law* • the principle that government is based on clear and fairly enforced laws and that no one is above the law.

  7. Complete “A” • Nobody will be put in taken into custody, put in jail, or punished without a trial by their peers or without following the law.

  8. 1628 Petition of Right • King could no longer • Collect taxes w/out Parliament’s consent • Imprison people without just cause • House troops in private homes without the permission of owner

  9. Limited Government* • a political system in which the powers exercised (used) by the government are restricted, usually by a written constitution

  10. 1688 English Bill of Rights The King… -Right to worship -Free speech -No taxation without representation -Right to petition King -Fair and speedy trial by a jury of peers -No cruel or unusual punishments/fines

  11. Individual Rights* • the rights and liberties that can be claimed by individuals by virtue of being human; AKA natural rights or human rights

  12. English Parliament • A representative assembly (legislative branch) with the power to enact laws • Upper Chamber • “House of Lords” (Nobility) • Lower Chamber • “House of Commons” (Commoners)

  13. Thomas Hobbes • Wrote TheLeviathan • Introduced the social contract theory based on a negative view of man in nature.

  14. John Locke • Two Treatises on Government • Natural Rights: Life, Liberty and Property • Social Contract (extended) If government failed to protect these natural rights, the people could change that government.

  15. Montesquieu • Wrote The Spirit of Laws in 1748 • Dividing power between 3 branches would prevent any single branch from gaining too much power.

  16. Separation of Powers* • The division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.

  17. Rousseau • Wrote The Social Contract and extended the theory of the social contract even further. • In order for a government to have legitimacy (acceptability) it must be based on consent of the governed.

  18. Popular Sovereignty* • the principle that the people are the ultimate source of the authority and legitimacy of a government. AKA Consent of the Governed

  19. Roots of Democracy .2 Ancient Ideas • Direct Democracy • Representative Democracy English Roots • Magna Carta • Petition of Right • English Bill of Rights English Enlightenment • Lock & Hobbes French Enlightenment • Montesquieu& Rousseau

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