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Wednesday February 6, 2013

Wednesday February 6, 2013. ( Discussion and WS – Metamorphic Rocks ). The Launch Pad Wednesday, 2/6/13. Name the following sedimentary rocks. Coal. Conglomerate. Coquina. Sandstone. Shale. Breccia. Announcements. National Girls & Women in Sports Day!. Announcements.

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Wednesday February 6, 2013

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  1. WednesdayFebruary 6, 2013 (Discussion and WS – Metamorphic Rocks)

  2. The Launch Pad Wednesday, 2/6/13 • Name the following sedimentary rocks. Coal Conglomerate Coquina Sandstone Shale Breccia

  3. Announcements National Girls & Women in Sports Day!

  4. Announcements I will be available after school today until 4:45.

  5. Recent Events in Science Earth Safe from Asteroid's Close Flyby Next Week Read All About It! An asteroid will give Earth a historically close shave next week, but there's no chance that the space rock will slam into our planet on this pass, experts say. The 150-foot-wide (45 meters) asteroid 2012 DA14 will zoom within 17,200 miles (27,700 kilometers) of our planet on Feb. 15, coming nearer than the ring of satellites in geosynchronous orbit. While the flyby will be the closest ever known in advance for such a large asteroid, there's no reason to retreat to the doomsday bunker. "NASA's Near-Earth Object Program Office can accurately predict the asteroid's path with the observations obtained, and it is therefore known that there is no chance that the asteroid might be on a collision course with Earth," officials at the space agency's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., wrote in a statement Friday (Feb. 1). www.space.com/19624-asteroid-2012-da14-flyby-earth-safe.html

  6. Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic rocks are those that have changed their form due to external environmental issues. Metamorphic rocks are produced from preexisting igneous, sedimentary, or even other metamorphic rocks. Metamorphism takes place where preexisting rock is subjected to temperatures and pressures unlike those in which it formed. There are different degrees of metamorphism which can be seen in the rock’s texture and in its mineralogy. An example of low-grade metamorphism is shale becoming slate. In high-grade metamorphism, obliteration of the rock’s original features occurs.

  7. Metamorphic Rocks There are two basic types of rock metamorphism: • thermal or contact metamorphism • regional metamorphism

  8. Metamorphic Rocks Contact metamorphism is a type of metamorphism in which the mineralogy and texture of a body of rock are changed by exposure to the pressure and extreme temperature associated with a body of intruding magma. Contact metamorphism often results in the formation of valuable minerals, such as garnet and emery, through the interaction of the hot magma with adjacent rock.

  9. Metamorphic Rocks During mountain-building, great quantities of rock are subjected to directed pressures and high temperatures associated with large-scale deformation called regional metamorphism. Regional metamorphism is a type of metamorphism in which the mineralogy and texture of rocks are changed over a wide area by deep burial and heating associated with the large-scale forces of plate tectonics. In regional metamorphism, rocks that form closer to the margin of the tectonic plates, where the heat and pressure are greatest, often differ in their minerals and texture from those that form farther away.

  10. What Drives Metamorphism? The driving agents of metamorphism include: • heat • pressure (stress) from burial (confining pressure) or from differential stress during mountain building • chemically active fluids (mainly water and other volatiles)

  11. Pressure as a Metamorphic Agent

  12. Metamorphic Textures The degree of metamorphism is reflected in the rock’s texture and mineral composition. When rocks are subjected to low-grade metamorphism, they become more compact and more dense (like slate.) With high-grade metamorphism, stress causes certain minerals to re-crystallize. Consequently, many metamorphic rocks consist of visible crystals, much like coarse-grained igneous rocks.

  13. Metamorphic Textures The crystals of some minerals will recrystallize with a preferred orientation, essentially perpendicular to the direction of the compression force. The resulting mineral alignment usually gives the rock a layered or banded appearance termed foliated texture. Example: gneiss

  14. Metamorphic Textures Some metamorphic rocks have a nonfoliated texture. Metamorphic rocks composed of only one mineral that forms equidimensional crystals are, as a rule, not visibly foliated (examples: quartzite and marble.)

  15. Common Metamorphic Rocks

  16. Classification of Metamorphic Rocks

  17. Worksheet Metamorphic Rocks

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