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Study Guide: Cell, Gaseous Exchange, Plant Exchange Systems, Blood, Transport Systems, Homeostasis, Environment, Biofuel

Prepare for exams with comprehensive revision on cell movement, respiration, gaseous exchange, plant adaptations, blood components, transport systems, homeostasis, environmental issues, biofuels, and food production.

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Study Guide: Cell, Gaseous Exchange, Plant Exchange Systems, Blood, Transport Systems, Homeostasis, Environment, Biofuel

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  1. B3 REVISION – Movement of substances in and out of cells What are the four biological methods of increasing the rate of movement: 1) 2) 3) 4) Complete the table for each of the methods of movement: Describe how the alveoli and villi are adapted for movement of substances:

  2. B3 REVISION - Gaseous Exchange in Animals Describe the stages of inhalation: Describe the stages of exhalation: Describe the changes that will occur in the respiratory system during exercise: Label the diagram of the lungs: What is the name for movement of gases in and out of the lungs? What is the function of respiratory system?

  3. B3 REVISION – Exchange Systems in Plants How is the root hair cell adapted to increase absorbtion? What substances are absorbed by the roots? Labe cross section of the leaf: Add labels for the stomata What is the role of the stomata in gas exchange? What will happen in the plant if water is lost from the leaves at a greater rate than it is being absorbed by the roots? What will the plant do to reduce water loss? Which gases are exchanged in the leaves of plants:

  4. B3 REVISION –Transport Systems in Animals Label the diagram of the heart: What is meant by a double circulatory system? x y Why is the wall labelled x thicker than the wall labelled y? Label the blood vessels, and describe how they are adapted:

  5. B3 REVISION – Blood and Treatment of Heart Conditions What are the components of blood? What can be transported in the blood plasma: • What is the role of: • Red blood cells: • 2) White Blood Cells: • 3) Platelets: What is the vessel that is labelled x? What causes the blockage? What are the two treatment options for this? 1) 2) x Label the red blood cell and how it is adapted to its function:

  6. B3 REVISION – Transport Systems in Plants What is the name for this piece of equipment: How can it be used to measure transpiration? What factors could be changed to change the rate of transpiration? Name the two transport vessels 1) 2) Where does vessel 1 carry the water to? What is the name for the movement of water up the vessel? What causes the movement of water up the plant? What would be a more accurate description of food being transported in vessel 2

  7. B3 REVISION – Homeostasis: Water Control What substances get removed by the kidneys? What factors will affect the concentration of urine produced? Explain how a dialysis machine works: What moves out of the blood at point X? What substances will be re-absorbed? x What are the advantages of transplant: How do they reduce the risk of the kidney transplant being rejected?

  8. B3 REVISION – Homeostasis: Temperature Control How is body temperature monitored? Explain how vasodilation helps to maintain body temperature? What other methods can help reduce temperature loss or warm the body up? Explain how vasoconstriction helps to maintain body temperature? What other methods can help to increase heat loss? a b a b c c

  9. B3 REVISION – Homeostasis: Sugar Control Which organ monitors blood glucose concentration? Which hormones does it release? 1) 2) What is the target organ of the hormones? What causes type 1 diabetes? How can this be treated?

  10. B3 REVISION – Humans and the Environment: Waste and Deforestation Describe the pattern in the rise in human population: What problems will this cause? What problems can waste cause? Water: Air: Land: How does human activity reduce land use? What is causing an increase in rates of deforestation? What problems does this cause? Why does destruction of peat bogs cause problems?

  11. B3 REVISION – Humans and the Environment: Biofuels and Food Production What problems are increasing carbon dioxide levels causing? What is bioethanol? What are the benefits of bioethanol? Food production How energy lost from the food chain? How can farmers limit energy loss from food chains? Fishing: What is meant by sustainable fishing? What can be done to ensure farming is sustainable? What is biogas made of? What can the biogas then be used for? What is a biogas generator? What are the benefits of these? What is fusarium and what can it be used to produce?

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