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Understanding Energy Systems in Physical Activity

Dive into the physiology of aerobic & anaerobic exercise and learn about ATP hydrolysis, energy systems, and macronutrient fuel sources. Explore the roles of creatine phosphate, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation in replenishing ATP during various intensities of exercise.

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Understanding Energy Systems in Physical Activity

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  1. chapter1 Introduction to Nutrition for Exercise and Health Physiology of Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise Prof Jennifer Broxterman, RD, MSc FN3373: Nutrition for Physical Activity Lecture 2 Author name here for Edited books

  2. What Fuels Physical Activity?

  3. ATP

  4. Hydrolysis of ATP

  5. ATP & Energy Use by Exercising Muscles

  6. Rephosphorylation of ADP to Form ATP

  7. Energy Systems that Replenish ATP Creatine Phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis ATP Oxidative Phosphorylation

  8. Characteristics of the 3 Energy Systems

  9. Energy System 1 Creatine Phosphate

  10. Creatine Phosphate Energy System

  11. The CrP Energy System Rephosphorylates ADP to ATP Rapidly • Anaerobic reaction • If [ATP] in a muscle ↓ there is an accompanying ↑ in ADP in the cell • ↑ in the activity of CK, allowing the reaction to proceed faster • CrP is stored in very small amounts • At very high-intensity exercise it takes ~ 5-10 seconds for CrP in the muscle to be depleted and fatigue to set in

  12. Characteristics of the CrP Energy System • One chemical step • Catalyzed by creatine kinase (CK) • Very fast reaction • One ATP per CrP molecule • 5-10 second duration • Anaerobic • Fatigue associated with CrP depletion • Predominant energy system in very high-intensity exercises (power events)

  13. Creatine Phosphate & ADP Rephosphorylation

  14. The Creatine Shuttle

  15. Energy System 2 Anaerobic Glycolysis

  16. Glucose GLYCOLYSIS 2 ATP 2 Pyruvic Acid molecules Anaerobic Metabolism Aerobic Metabolism If Oxygen is Present If Oxygen is Absent 36-38 ATP Lactic Acid CO2 + H2O

  17. The Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System

  18. Anaerobic Glycolysis

  19. Cori Cycle

  20. Energy System 3 Oxidative Phosphorylation

  21. Glucose GLYCOLYSIS 2 ATP 2 Pyruvic Acid molecules Anaerobic Metabolism Aerobic Metabolism If Oxygen is Present If Oxygen is Absent 36-38 ATP Lactic Acid CO2 + H2O

  22. Cellular Respiration Overview C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (glucose) (heat and ATP) • The energy in one molecule of glucose yields 36 ATP • Aerobic respiration involves a series of 3 reactions: • Glycolysis • Krebs Cycle • Electron Transport Chain

  23. Glycolysis

  24. Oxidative Phosphorylation Energy System

  25. Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain of Oxidative Phosphorylation

  26. Macronutrients as Fuel Sources during Exercise

  27. Beta Oxidation

  28. Respiratory Exchange Ratio

  29. Respiratory Exchange Ratio

  30. Respiratory Exchange Ratio

  31. RER Chart

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