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AFRICAN SWINE FEVER (ASF) IN VIETNAM

National challenging issue. AFRICAN SWINE FEVER (ASF) IN VIETNAM. Contents. ASF overview Epidemiology in Viet Nam Consequences of ASF outbreaks Challenges link to: Prevention Control strategy Summary. AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation. Why African Swine Fever is so dangerous?.

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AFRICAN SWINE FEVER (ASF) IN VIETNAM

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  1. National challenging issue AFRICAN SWINE FEVER (ASF) IN VIETNAM

  2. Contents • ASF overview • Epidemiology in Viet Nam • Consequences of ASF outbreaks • Challenges link to: • Prevention • Control strategy • Summary AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  3. Why African Swine Fever is so dangerous? AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  4. Because… • African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease of pigs. • Highly resistant in environment and disinfectants, especially at lower temperatures. • Survival • Several days in feces • Month(s) in contaminated pens • Up to 18 months in blood • Over 140 days in some pork products • Years in frozen carcasses Bush pig Warthog European boar AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  5. Mortality and Morbidity • Morbidity up to 100% • Mortality rate: reaches 100% • After 7-10d post-infection • All ages affected High mortality of ASFon infected pigs AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  6. And… 27.4 million swine in Vietnam (2018) AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  7. Epidemiology in Viet Nam China • Feb 2019: • HưngYên • TháiBình • HảiPhòng • ThanhHoá • HàNội • Hà Nam • March 2019: • HảiDương • HoàBình • ĐiệnBiên • TháiNguyên • QuảngNinh • NinhBình • Nam Định • BắcKạn • LạngSơn • Nghệ An • Sơn La • BắcNinh • ThừaThiên – Huế • Lai Châu • BắcGiang • QuảngTrị • VĩnhPhúc Laos Thailand Cambodia

  8. Epidemiology in Viet Nam China • April 2019: • Cao Bằng • KhánhHoà • HậuGiang • ĐồngNai • Vinh Long • June 2019: • TràVinh • BìnhThuận • HồChíMinh • QuảngBình • May 2019: • PhúThọ • YênBái • LàoCai • HàTĩnh • HàGiang • TuyênQuang • Quảng Nam • ĐăkNông • Gia Lai • QuảngNgãi • ĐăkLăk • ĐàNăng • Kon Tum • BìnhĐịnh • BìnhPhước • An Giang • CầnThơ • KiânGiang • SócTrăng • ĐồngTháp • BìnhDương • Cà Mau • BạcLiêu • TiềnGiang Laos Thailand Cambodia

  9. Epidemiology in Viet Nam • 56 of 63 provinces have reported 2873 outbreaks of ASF since February 1, 2019. • In total, 2.2 million pigs were culled to stop the spread of ASF in Viet Nam. AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  10. Consequences of ASF outbreaks • The spread of ASF would have disastrous consequences to Vietnam’s pig population! Infected pigs with ASF must be culled AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  11. Consequences of ASF outbreaks • Hugeeconomic loss • Cost of incineration • Cost of disinfection • Low prices: information crisis • No export permission • The total number of infected pigs: 2.2 million pigs (Jun 5th, 2019) ~ 154 million USD Because of the spread of highly contagious ASF, many farm owners went bankrupt. AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  12. Consequences of ASF outbreaks Have a detrimental impacts on human mentality • Farmers: bankrupt • Unemployees: workers, vet, labors, etc. Low price of pork due to information crisis could also affect retailers AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  13. PreventionHow ASF spread through Vietnam: • Transportation • Disposal of carcasses • To water sources • Illegal trading • Phenomenon of “Emergency sale” A man transports piglets by motorbike in Vietnam The dead pigs thrown into canals AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  14. PreventionHow ASF spread through Vietnam: • Waste foods • Tick-borne ? • Wild boar ? • Unknown Food waste uses as a source of feed for swine. Role of wild boars in Vietnam is unknown AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  15. Control strategy NO treatment and NO effective vaccine currently Vietnam's Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) action plan for ASF emergency: • Prohibit pig movement • Supervise the slaughter, the destruction of carcasses and the cleaning/disinfection on affected farms • Pigs in contact are traced and examined signs of disease • Farmer must declare any suspicious case (dead or alive pigs) to animal health authority • Infected pigs must be culled • Governments will support for farmers: 80% of the market price. • Incinerate or bury? AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  16. Control strategy Use of quicklime at infected area Establish checkpoint & disinfect vehicles into and out of epidemic areas Collect samples at slaughterhouse

  17. "The progress towards effective ASF vaccine" in Vietnam According to aresearch team, there are differences in pathology, clinical signs, temperature and food consumption between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated experimental pigs. Continuing to repeat experiments with different criteria Source: KhánhVũ, “Khảonghiệm vaccine ngừadịchtảlợnChâu Phi chokếtquả ban đầu”, Lao Động Online, 10 June 2019, laodong.vn/y-te/khao-nghiem-vaccine-ngua-dich-ta-lon-chau-phi-cho-ket-qua-ban-dau-738235.ldo AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  18. Conclusion • ASF is highly contagious disease - Biosecurity is the key to prevent its spread. • Although ASF does not spread to humans, the public are still reminded to cook pork thoroughly before consumption to avoid contracting foodborne diseases. • The most challenges are not only sterm from biosecurity but also from authorities’ policies. AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  19. The second part of AVVP is organizing in Viet Nam. So… following the ASF Prevention Guidelines An ASF attention at AOT AVVP 2019 – Nation Presentation

  20. Thank you for your attention !!!

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