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Using Quantum Photonics to Create Optical Frequency combs

Using Quantum Photonics to Create Optical Frequency combs. Tobias J. Kippenberg. The problem of the “whispering gallery”: observation of Lord Rayleigh in St. Paul Cathedral (London)* *L. Rayleigh. Acoustic Whispering Gallery Mode. diameter of a human hair ~100 µm.

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Using Quantum Photonics to Create Optical Frequency combs

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  1. Using Quantum Photonics to Create Optical Frequency combs Tobias J. Kippenberg

  2. The problem of the “whispering gallery”: observation of Lord Rayleigh in St. Paul Cathedral (London)* *L. Rayleigh AcousticWhisperingGallery Mode

  3. diameterof a human hair ~100 µm A photon storage time of 1 micro-second implies that the Light can travel up to 1 km inside a glass torus!

  4. Coupling light into a microresonator Just like a Guitar string has severalvibrational modes, an opticalmicroresonator has manyoptical modes 1/R 40 m Pin taper-microcavity junction exhibits extremely high ideality (coupling losses <0.3%) Coupling both to-and-from a 80mmicrotoroid on a chip

  5. Using Quantum Photonicstocreatfrequencycombs The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 NicolaasBloembergen NonlinearOptics Silica Resonator (1) Prism Pump laser At high intensities the interaction becomesnonlinearleading to «twin» photon generation ++ Energy conservation requires

  6. Generating a frequencycombfrom a microresonator Optical microresonator A frequencycomb Optical fiber Pump laser

  7. Combgenerationmechanism Twin Photon generation ws wp1 wp2 wi

  8. Comb Generation Mechanism ws wp wi wp Twin photon generation

  9. Der Entstehungsprozess: Zwillingphotonen Twin photon generation

  10. Generating a frequencycomb in an opticalmicroresonator Optical frequency comb The perfectly equidistant arrangement is called on optical frequency comb

  11. Microresonotorfrequencycomb An octave spanning optical spectrum is generated from a single laser frequency

  12. Opticalfrequencycombs Hz With an optical frequency combs an unknown optical frequency can be determined accurately measured Nobel Prize Physics 2005: “for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique"

  13. Whyarefrequencycombsinteresting? Frequencycombsallow to createveryaccurateopticalatomicclocks. Clocksthatlooselessthan 1 second in the age of the universe of 14 Billion years…

  14. Mode lockedlasersforfrequencycombgeneration Ronald Holtzwarth, TWH October 2005

  15. Frequencycombs on a chip MgF2 More than 1000 comblinesthat are perfectlyequidistantgeneratedfrom a single laser… T. Herr et al. Nature Photonics 2012 (July)

  16. Advantages ofmicroresonatorfrequencycombs • Vorteile: • Very compact compact comb generator • The distance between comb teeth is very large

  17. Microresonatorfrequencycombsaschannelgenerators Fiber optical communication uses several wavelength that travel down on optical fiber spaced in frequency by ca. >40 GHz

  18. ApplicationsofFrequencycombs in Telecommunication Future: A single microresonator can generate > 1000 channels from a single laser Today: picture of 4 laser modules to generate 4 channels…

  19. Astrophysicalspectrometer: searchesforexoplanets Microresonator frequency combs can assist to calibrate astrophysical spectrometers

  20. Frequencycombassistedspectrometercalibration First spectrometer calibration with a Microcavity ESO‘s Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile X-Shooter spectrometer (in Munich) X-Shooter Telescope (ESO) Microcavity comb spectrum (83 GHz mode spacing) on echelle grating based spectrometer 20

  21. Microresonatorfrequencycombs… Applying them in astrophysical planets searches as calibratoin tool.. …applying them in space optical clocks… … enable them to become sources of mid IR radiation used in chemistry or pharmaceutical minitoring.. .. Linking RF to optical on a chip…

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