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Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle. Cell reproduction. Today’s Objectives. The student will be able to identify the phases of the cell cycle and mitotic stages by description and or graphic representation. The student will be able to identify mitotic stages by photomicrograph. Some Definitions.

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Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

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  1. Mitosis and the Cell Cycle Cell reproduction

  2. Today’s Objectives • The student will be able to identify the phases of the cell cycle and mitotic stages by description and or graphic representation. • The student will be able to identify mitotic stages by photomicrograph.

  3. Some Definitions • Somatic Cells – body cells • Produced through mitosis • Has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) • Homolog – each member of a chromosome pair • Diploid (2n) – total of 46 chromosomes in people – zygote & somatic cells • Haploid (n) – total of 23 chromosomes in people, gametes (sperm & egg)

  4. The Cell Cycle • The sequence of growth and division of a cell. • 95% of cell cycle in interphase • 5% of cell cycle in mitosis

  5. Interphase • Growth Stage 1 (G1) – metabolic activity of the cell • Synthesis Stage (S) – metabolic activity of the cell, replication of DNA • Growth Stage 2 (G2) – metabolic activity of the cell, prepare for division

  6. Mitosis • Happens in all cells • Cell division process • 5 major stages

  7. Prophase • Nuclear envelope disappears • Chromosomes condense – can see sister chromatids and centromere • Spindle forms

  8. Metaphase • Chromosomes move to the equator of spindle • Each chromatid is attached to spindle with centromere

  9. Anaphase • Centromeres split • Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell • Each chromatid is now a separate chromosome

  10. Telophase • Nuclear envelopes (2) reform • Chromosomes begin to uncoil

  11. Cytokinesis • Cytoplasm divides • Two new daughter cellsare now separate

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