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UEC 01 Computer Skills & Programming Concepts I

UEC 01 Computer Skills & Programming Concepts I. Fall 2013-2014. Schedule:. We have 1 teaching hour per week for lectures. Sunday: 10:30-11:30 & 11:30-12:30 Monday: 11:30-12:30 & 12:30:1:30 Wednesday: 11:30-12:30 & 12:30-1:30 Office hours: Monday: 9:30-11:30

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UEC 01 Computer Skills & Programming Concepts I

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  1. UEC 01Computer Skills & Programming Concepts I Fall 2013-2014

  2. Schedule: • We have 1 teaching hour per week for lectures. • Sunday: 10:30-11:30 & 11:30-12:30 • Monday: 11:30-12:30 & 12:30:1:30 • Wednesday: 11:30-12:30 & 12:30-1:30 • Office hours: Monday: 9:30-11:30 • We have 2 hours per week for LAB.

  3. Course Objectives : A student who successfully fulfills the course requirements will have the ability to: • Identify the main components of a personal computer, recognize how computers process and store data, distinguish between data and information, understand the key features and uses of computer software. • Explain why it is essential to learn about computers today and discuss several ways computers are integrated into our business and personal lives. • Define software and understand how it is used to instruct the computer what to do as HTML for web design. • Edit tables, insert rows and colons, and use function for summation and print documents, insert graphs and chart. • Create presentations using built-in templates, themes, designs, and background styles. Apply different slide layouts to add titles, charts, tables, pictures and animation. Topics include how to use text, graphics, and sound creatively. Computers & Programming (CMP 111)

  4. Recommended text books: • H.L. Capron  - J.A.Johnson , “Computer : Tools for an Information Age” 8th Edition, 2011. • Deborah Morley, and Charles S. Parker, "Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow ",Thomson Course Technology, 10th Edition, 2004. Computers & Programming (CMP 111)

  5. Course Contents PART 1 : Introduction to Computers PART 2 : Computer Networks and Internet PART 3 : Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) PART 4 : Power Point PART 5 : Spreadsheet PART 6 : Word Processing Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  6. PART I : INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER • Essential Basic Concepts. • Data Representation Inside Computer. • Computer System Components. • Computer Classes. • Computer Applications. • Computer Generations. Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  7. Basic Concepts • What Is a Computer ? It is an electronic device that process data into information under the control of stored program. Data Processing Information Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  8. Basic Concepts Data Information Processing Facts, or Set of Knowledge Items The result of processing data in all form in which it can accept data Operations - Input - Output - Store - Retrieve - Sort - Search - Compute • Update • Select • Traditional Data • Numeric Data (Ex. Score, Price,…) • Nonnumeric Data (Ex.Name, Address,..) • Images • Sound • Video Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  9. Data Representation Inside Computer • Internally, computers know only two things:ONandOFF • The two states can be represented by electricity turned on or off • The state ON is represented by a pattern “1” • The state OFF is represented by a pattern “0” Bit (Binary digit) A computer’s basic unit of storage Byte A byte consists of 8 bits to represent a single character Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  10. Data Representation Inside Computer • Numeric Data Using Binary Number System (25.75)10decimal to binary conversion (1 1 0 0 1 . 1 1)2 • Nonnumeric Data Using Standard Encoding Systems • Each byte contains 8 bits, each of which can hold a 1 or 0 • There are 28=156 possible combinations of 1s and 0s in a byte • A code assigns each combination to a specific character Example : A 01000001 B 01000010 g 01100011 Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  11. Data Representation Inside Computer Examples of Encoding Systems ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) • The most widely used code and uses 8-bit byte • It is used on all personal computers EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) • It uses 8-bit byte and could represent 256 characters • It is used primarily on IBM mainframes UNICODE (Universal Code ) • It uses 16-bit and could represent 65,536 characters • It is used to handle all the world’s languages Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  12. Computer System Components • Hardware • The term hardware refers to the physical components of your computer such as the system unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor etc. • Software • Program : A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do • Software is a general term of programs. • User • The people who makes the system work and for whom the work is done. Operators - Programmers- System analysts Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  13. CPU Input Memory Output Secondary Storage Computer System Components Hardware Primary Components of a Computer System Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  14. Hardware Input Devices Used to enter data to a computer • Keyboard Used to enter data in character form • Mouse Used to select objects or menu choices on the screen • Trackball It like an upside-down mouse Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  15. Hardware Input Devices • Scanner Used to capture images from paper • Touch Pad A device that lays on the desktop and responds to pressure • Light Pen Used to enter hand written input • Joysticks Used for the proper playing of the game Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  16. Hardware Output Devices Used to obtain output from a computer • Monitors - Produce a soft copy of your output. • Printers • - Produce a hard copy of your output • Speakers - Produce music and other sounds. • Plotters - A plotter is similar to a printer, but allows you to print larger images. Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  17. Hardware Memory 1- Main Memory (RAM) Holds the program currently being executed and the data currently being accessed. - Read/Write memory - Volatile memory - Random Access Memory (RAM) - Expensive memory - Capacity measured by KB, MB Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  18. Hardware Memory 2-Read Only Memory (ROM) A non volatile memory that can be read but not written. - Start up program that execute when a computer is turned on - BIOS (Basic Input/Output system) Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  19. Hardware Memory 3- Cache Memory A high speed memory that is used as staging area for the processor Main Memory Cache Active data and instruction The complete program The processor Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  20. Hardware Measuring Memory • Bit All computers process data in one's or zero's. This 1 or 0 level of storage is called a bit. • Byte A byte consists of eight bits. • Kilobyte A kilobyte (KB) consists of 1024 bytes. • Megabyte A megabyte (MB) consists of 1024 kilobytes. • Gigabyte A gigabyte (GB) consists of 1024 megabytes. Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  21. Hardware Central Processing Unit (CPU) Is the part of the computer that executes instructions and thus process data • Control Unit Uses Electrical Signals to direct the entire computer system to execute stored program • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Perform Arithmetic & Logic operations Processor speed is expressed in terms of MIPS (MIPS:Millions ofInstructionsPerSecond) Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  22. Hardware Secondary Storage • Used to store data when they are not being used in memory • The most common types of auxiliary storage used on personal computers are : • Floppy Disks - Portability - Backup - New software delivery - Slow access - Low capacity • Hard disks - Fast access – High capacity Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  23. Hardware 2) Magnetic Tape Memory • It stores very large quantity of information. • The cost is very low • But, it is not the main storage because its long access time. • It is a plastic tape with a magnetic coating 1/2 inch-wide tape 1/4 inch-wide tape Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  24. Hardware 3) Optical Disk Memories • Its technology uses a laser beams to enter data as a spots on the disk surface. • To read the data, the laser scans the disk, and a lens picks up different light reflections from the various spots • CD-ROM Disks Much slower than Hard disk – 650 MB • DVD Drives Much faster than CD – Up to 17 GB - Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  25. Computer Classes Distinguish Between Computers in Terms of Capacity, Speed, Cost, and Typical Users. • Personal computers • Small • Less powerful • Cheap • Single user • Desktop , notebook Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  26. Computer Classes • Mainframe computers • Large • Very powerful • Very expensive • Multiple users • used by large organizations such an banks to control the entire business operation.! Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  27. Computer Classes • Mini computers • Mid-sized • powerful • Expensive • Multiple users • used by a single department of an organization such as colleges! Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  28. Computer Classes • Super computers • Very large • Most powerful • Most expensive • Multiple users • Used for tasks such as Weather forecasting and weapons research Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  29. Software • Program : A set of instructions that tells a computer exactly what to do • Software : A general term for programs • Types of Software • Application Software • System Software Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  30. Application Software Programs that perform tasks that users want to do such as play games, write a report, ... • Types of Application Software • Custom Software • A software that is written to solve a • specific problem or perform a specific task. • Packages Software • A software that is prewritten to perform a • common task. Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  31. Application Software Package Classes • Word Processing (Microsoft Word - WordPerfect) • Spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel - Lotus 123 - Quattro) • Database (Microsoft Access - Oracle - DB3+ ) • Design (AutoCAD - 3d Studio) • Graphics & Presentation (Microsoft PowerPoint - Harvard - Visio) • Games and Entertainment Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  32. System Software • Programs that directly controls and manages the computer hardware (resources) • Types of System Software • Operating Systems • DOS – Windows - Unix • Programming Languages & Compilers • Basic - Pascal - Fortran - C - C++ • Utility Programs • Editors - Norton – Virus Scanning Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  33. PC Operating Systems • 1- DOS(Disk Operating System) • Single user & Single task • Command line interface • Example • c> copy a:report.doc c: Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

  34. PC Operating Systems • 2- Windows • Single user & Multi tasking • Graphical User Interface(GUI) • Easy to find a file • Long file name (up to 255 char) • Plug and play concept Computer Skills and Programming Concepts I (UEC01)

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