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Atoms with more than one electron

Atoms with more than one electron. Chp1 Act 6 Page 46. WDYT?. What are they pulling off the atoms? Compare the size of the atoms and the difficulty the men are having. Investigation. Based on the “what do you see?” write a definition for ionization energy.

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Atoms with more than one electron

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  1. Atoms with more than one electron Chp1 Act 6 Page 46 WDYT? • What are they pulling off the atoms? • Compare the size of the atoms and the difficulty the men are having.

  2. Investigation • Based on the “what do you see?” write a definition for ionization energy.

  3. Using Two different color pens/markers, highlight Group I and Group 18 elements on the bottom graph Periodicity of first ionization energy (IE1)

  4. Ionization energy • Energy required to overcome the attraction of the nuclear charge and remove an electron.

  5. What family is Helium in on the PT? • What family is Lithium in on the PT? • Which one has the greater IE? Why?

  6. Ionization Energy • What is the IE trend as you go down a group? • What is the IE trend as you go across a period from left to right?

  7. First Ionization Energy H+ e- e- Li+ e- 2e- e- + + + + + + + + e- Na+ + + + + + + + + 2e- 2e- 8e- 8e- e- Hydrogen (Z=1) Lithium (Z=3) Sodium (Z=11)

  8. First Ionization Energy + + + + + + + + Hydrogen (Z=1) e- Decreasing Lithium (Z=3) 2e- e- Sodium (Z=11) 2e- 8e- e-

  9. + + + + + + + + + + + + Decreasing Decreasing e- e- 2e- 2e- e- 2e- e- e- e- Boron (Z=5) 5 protons screened by 2 e- Beryllium (Z=4) 4 protons screened by 2 e- Lithium (Z=3) 3 protons screened by 2 e- 1 e- removed = 2s0 1 e- removed = 2s22p0 1 e- removed = 2s1

  10. e- 2e- e- e- + + + + + + + + + + + + 2e- e- 2e- e- e- Boron (Z=5) 5 protons screened by 2 e- Beryllium (Z=4) 4 protons screened by 2 e- Lithium (Z=3) 3 protons screened by 2 e- Decreasing Decreasing

  11. Ionization energy • Second ionization energy IE2 – to remove 2nd e- • Always larger than IE1 • as e- are removed, Z remains constant and remaining e- are harder to remove

  12. IE Periodic Table TrendsChem Saver p 22

  13. PROBLEM: Using the periodic table only, rank the elements in each of the following sets in order of decreasing IE1: SAMPLE PROBLEM 8.4 Ranking Elements by First Ionization Energy (a) Kr, He, Ar (b) Sb, Te, Sn (c) K, Ca, Rb (d) I, Xe, Cs PLAN: IE decreases as you proceed down in a group; IE increases as you go across a period. SOLUTION: (a) He > Ar > Kr Group 8A(18) - IE decreases down a group. (b) Te > Sb > Sn Period 5 elements - IE increases across a period. (c) Ca > K > Rb Ca is to the right of K; Rb is below K. (d) Xe > I > Cs I is to the left of Xe; Cs is further to the left and down one period.

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