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ACADEMIC SUMMARIES

ACADEMIC SUMMARIES . FOR USE IN THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASSIGNMENT. PART I.

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ACADEMIC SUMMARIES

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  1. ACADEMIC SUMMARIES FOR USE IN THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASSIGNMENT

  2. PART I • a. First sentence: State the central idea of the essay, which might also be considered the writer’s motive for writing it, or a way of explaining what the writer wants to accomplish, what he/she wants the reader to understand or believe by the end of the essay. (Note: the first sentence of your summary identifies the title, the type of text, and the author.) (THESIS) • Example: Jonathan Kozol, in his essay “The Details of Life,” uses St. Ann’s Church school to argue that children from poor communities ought to be treated as human beings rather than merely as investments for the future.

  3. PART II • b. Give a brief (two sentences at the most) summary of how the content is shaped and what provides the basis for proof (narrative, description, example, argument, cause-effect—or some combination if appropriate) • Example: Kozol combines description of incidents, teachers, and students at the school with explicit criticisms of the dehumanizing attitude that donors frequently take.

  4. PART III • c. Identify the specific rhetorical impact of this kind of evidence presentation and give examples(These shouldn’t be quotes, but they should be as specific as possible and in your own words.). • His characterizations gain sympathy for both the students who come there from difficult home situations and the teachers who sympathize and treat them like humans while maintaining an academic program with high standards. Mother Martha and Armando help seven-year-old Jefferson, for example, to grieve for his cat by holding an actual funeral; quotes from donor types, like the CEO of a toothpaste company, reveal how society fails kids in schools generally by thinking of them merely as future economic units.

  5. PART IV • d. Finally, state the writer’s conclusion on the subject. (CONCLUSION) • Kozol concludes that the dehumanizing aspects of St. Anne’s current donation system has a tremendous impact on the students. No longer, he argues, can children be though of as economic units. Rather, they must be treated with the dignity and respect they deserve.

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