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Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports. Federal Aviation Administration Office of Airports Office of Airport Planning and Programming Airport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400) 800 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20591. November 2010.
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Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Jake Plante, FAA Office of Airports and Steve Barrett, HMMH Inc. FAA Eastern Regional Conference March 3, 2011
Environmental Climate change and local air quality Few natural resource impact issues Financial Reduced operating costs Energy price stability Social Enhanced image as green airport Little public opposition Energy independence Why Solar?
Growing Airport Interest in PV Solar Sun Intensity Rating Site visits for solar guidance project 4.4 BOS SFO 5.2 OAK DEN FAT 5.7 SJC 5.7 BFL 5.8 BUR LGB PRC 5.7 ABQ 6.4 AUS 5.0 IAH 4.9 5 Hawaiiairports
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Technology Chapter 1AIRPORTS AND SOLAR ENERGY: CHARTING A COURSE
Siting and Design Alternatives Ground-Mounted vs. Roof-Mounted San Jose Fresno Fixedvs.Tracking(single or dual axis) Denver
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Airport Planning Chapter 2DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS: PLANNING AND SITING SOLAR FACILITIES
Airport Land Use and Safety Review On-Airport Solar Projects
Oakland Example Panels close to runway, outside OFA Land not available for aviation uses Appraisal conducted No environmental issues ALP changes required
Airport Design Standards (Siting inside RPZ not recommended)
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Airspace Safety Chapter 3REGULATORY AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SOLAR PROJECTS: MEETING AIRSPACEAND ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
Part 77: Protecting Safe Air NavigationWhere height of structures is above 200 ft. or there is penetration of imaginary surfaces defining navigable airspace within 20,000 ft. of a runway
Examples of Airspace and Environmental Reviews
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Economics Chapter 4AIRPORT SOLAR ECONOMICS: UNDERSTANDING THE FINANCIAL INCENTIVES THAT MAKE SOLAR COST-EFFECTIVE
Airport Private Ownership Denver Fresno Oakland Bakersfield Power Purchase Agreement / Land Lease $ Solar System Owner $ $ Contract to Purchase RECs Private Developer Utility Permit Authority
Airport Owned $ Solar System Owner < Savings $ Utility Airport Permit Authority Albuquerque Boston San Francisco (municipal utility owned)
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Federal Resources Chapter 5THE FEDERAL ROLE IN AIRPORT SOLAR DEVELOPMENT
Findings on Federal Resources • U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is lead agency • Several Executive Orders on Energy Management and Sustainability • FAA Flight Standards Interagency Solar Group • FAA Airports • AIP and PFC Programs • Building design eligibility • 10 AIP Sustainability Pilot Projects • VALE Program offers limited eligibility for stand-alone projects
Albuquerque Airport owned, parking garage roof-top Phase I (146 kW); Phase II (438 kW)
Guidance Recommendations • More R&D on solar reflectivity and communications interference, including measurement standards, analysis requirements, and assessment tools • Development of a supplemental 7460 form for solar • Development of a Catex for small solar projects • Benefit-cost analysis of solar technologies and airport site designs
Technical Guidance for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports Federal Aviation AdministrationOffice of Airports Office of Airport Planning and ProgrammingAirport Planning and Environmental Division (APP-400)800 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20591 November 2010 Guidance available at: www.faa.gov/airports/environmental under heading: “Guidance & Policy”