Hong Kong Geography Day 2001 How to tackle the Geography A-L Exam?

1. Hong Kong Geography Day 2001 How to tackle the Geography A-L Exam? Common misconceptions faced by students in A-level Geography Curriculum By Mr. Ip Kim Wai & Mr. Wong Kam Fai

2. M C D 課程範圍頗大， 不知從何入手？ isconception onfusion ifficulties

3. 範圍太大 教學深度 過時模型 個案/例子 超出範圍 … … Curriculum 課程 Teaching 施教 Examination (Evaluation) 考試

4. Who are you？ S6 ? S7 ? Teachers? S1 – S5 ? Primary ?

5. Students’ comments on the A-L exam 電子龍門，射極唔入 範圍太廣，讀極唔完 課題艱深，基本唔明 吹水拉布，舉例作case 題目outsyl，貼極唔中 Paper I老作，Paper II死吹

6. A. 正料好筆記 B. 命正好運氣 C. 自信好學養 D. 負責好老師 考好A-L Geog要靠…… 百萬褲窿

7. 必殺技 • 以準確的學科語言 (概念) 回答問題 • -知彼 2.擴展學習技藝 -知己

8. 地理人的三大基本問題 地理課程的三個組構概念 學習內容的概念架構 地理現象的空間差異 A-L 考試錦囊 以準確的學科語言 (概念) 回答問題

9. 911 …… 地理人的三大基本問題 地理人的問題： • 世貿中心在哪裏？ • 為甚麼選世貿中心？ • 事件帶來甚麼影響？

10. 地理人的三大基本問題 地理人的三大基本問題： Where? 描述事物的空間區位 (位置) • 世貿中心在哪裏？ • 為甚麼選世貿中心？ • 事件帶來甚麼影響？ Why? 解釋它們的空間分布型態 So what? 探討其空間轉變過程及影響

11. S6 ~ 7 景觀、系統、人地關係 自然、農業、城市及工業景觀 S4 ~ 5 主題研習 人地關係 S1 ~ 3 議題為本 探究學習 Where? Why? So what? 地理人的三大基本問題

12. Natural Agricultural Urban & industrial Process-response Ecological Economic Impact on the environment Environmental conservation Survival & development Sustainable development, globalization, etc. 地理課程的三個組構概念(Organising concepts) Landscape System Man-land relationship

13. 1. Landscape -The term refers to an area comprising a distinct association of forms, both natural and cultural. -Landscape elements include physical and biological features (landforms, vegetation .....) and cultural features (houses, roads, crops .....). They are woven into a system by processes resulting from the activities of man and nature, or form the interplay of the two.

14. 2. System -A system is an interacting set of components where a change in one component will lead to changes throughout the system. -Ecosystems are particular types of system. They can be viewed as a functioning interacting system of living organisms and their effective environment. -As such the idea of ecosystem is of value both as a specific concept in biogeography and as organizing ideas in many man-environment situations.

15. 3. Man-land system -This expresses the way in which man interacts with the cultural and physical environment. -It expresses the way in which man is able to organize the environment for his use with resultant landscape changes on one hand, and be restricted by environmental constraints on the other.

16. Structure Function Nutrient cycle Energy flow Biotic Abiotic Producer Consumer Decomposer Inputs from: Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere Uptaken by plants Litter/Biomass Decomposition Leaching Photosynthesis Respiration Food chain/web Subsidized energy 學習內容的概念架構(Concept framework) e.g. Agroecosystem

17. Awareness threshold Accept or absorb loss Modify event Reduce vulnerability Distribute loss Action threshold Perception of environmental stress Adjustment Intolerance threshold Change use or location 學習內容的概念架構(Concept framework) Hazard Response

18. 地理現象的空間差異(Spatial differentiation/Regional examples) • e.g. Different hazard response between LDCs & MDCs • Urban land use pattern in western & non-western cities • Farming as an agroecosystem in • Plantation • Shifting cultivation • Rice farming in S. China • Dairy farming in Denmark

19. Regional example/Case study Theme Directive terms Tackling A-L Geography questions With reference to XXX, describe and explain XXXX. Assess (Discuss/Evaluate/Examine) how XXXXX.

20. A generalization (may be incorrect or subject to condition) Theme Directive terms Regional example/Case study Tackling A-L Geography questions “XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.” Describe and explain XXXX. DiscussXXXXX. Illustrate with XXXXXX.

21. Points to note in examinations Answer plan Directive terms Generalization Vs Specification [General concept/Theory] [Example/Illustration] Things to avoid / to do

22. AL exam - Paper II Examples of skills required in essay questions A generalization (may be incorrect or subject to condition) Theme Directive terms Regional example/Case study 96-#5 Monoculture is a risky farming system in both ecological and economic terms. However, there are still many examples of monoculture today. Explain why monoculture is a common practice today and describe the ecological and economic risks it faces. How far can crop diversification minimize these risks? Use suitable examples to illustrate your answer. (25 marks)

23. AL exam - Paper II Directive terms and marks allocation

24. AL exam - Paper II Organization of concepts and themes - 1

25. AL exam - Paper II Organization of concepts and themes - 2

26. AL exam - Paper II Organization of concepts and themes - 3

27. AL exam - Paper II Organization of concepts and themes - 4

28. AL exam - Paper II Points to remember

29. AL exam - Paper II Answer plan Question Directive terms Concepts & themes Example

30. AL exam - Paper I General format of structured questions

31. AL exam - Paper I

32. AL exam - General guidelines

33. 擴展學習技藝 • Do and learn • Magic seven • 學習集中時間 • BEM • Context Vs Content • 學習VAK • Mnemonics

34. How much can we learn? 10% of what we read 20% of what we hear 30% of what we see 50% of what we both see and hear 60% of what we write 70% of what we discuss with others 80% of what we experience 90% of what we teach

35. Magic Seven Points that can be remembered at one time: More-able students  7 + 2 Average 7 Below average  5

36. 學習集中時間 = (年歲) + 2 分鐘 18 歲的青少年： = 18 + 2 = 20 分鐘

37. BEM Beginning & Ending Memory

38. Flood Drought Ecological Economic Hazard System Impact Model Rural land use Rural population Farm production Von Thunen Sinclair Context Vs Content Concept map / Mind map Farming

39. Farming as an ecological system Biotic • Abiotic • Atmosphere • sunlight • water • Lithosphere • land • soil • nutrients Consumers Producers Decomposers Energy Losses Nutrients

40. V A K 學習VAK isual 視覺型 uditory 聽覺型 inaesthetic 感覺型

41. Mnemonics • 字母記憶法 • 歌訣記憶法 • 記圖法 • 聯想法

42. 小貼士 上課留心勿大意 重組資料問問題