Preparing for the interview

1. Preparing for the interview

2. Purea Nei (Waiata Whakangahau) Purea nei e te hau Horohia e te ua Whiti whitia, e te ra Mahea ake nga poraruraru Makere ana nga here E rere wairua e Ki nga ao, o te rangi Whiti whitia e te ra Mahea ake nga poraruraru Makere ana nga here Cleansed by the winds Washed by the rains Shining, shining forth from the sun Clearing away all your troubles Releasing you from your bonds Fly oh spirit fly To the world, of the sky Where life springs forth from the sun Clearing away all your troubles Releasing you from your bonds

3. McLaren Park/Henderson South. Bounded by twin streams (Oritia and Opunuku), Gt North Rd, Parrs Cross Ave, Pine St, Henderson Valley Rd extension. It has an extensive industrial area, Henderson shops, a secondary school and two primary schools, great cycleways and parks, and a Community Development Hub.

4. Literature review The McLaren Park/Henderson South community is around 7,000 in number with high levels of Maori and Pacific Islanders. Many of its members are not doing so well as much of the area has a New Zealand Deprivation Index rating of 9 (2002) so there are a number of people living in the area who experience issues and stress in relation to not having enough money to adequately live on; housing affordability; feeling valued, degree of connection to their community and how safe they feel; youth transitioning to adulthood and access to facilities, services and activities that support health and wellbeing.

5. Recent research – the Amplify project - 2011 • High-deprivation, low-socioeconomic area. • 30% single-parent households vs 19% for the Auckland region. • 33% aged 15 and over have no formal qualification vs 20% (Auckland region). • Students more likely to be stood down from school • Henderson Massey has the highest number of children aged between 5-14 of any local board area in Auckland. This number is projected to grow substantially over the next decade.

6. Cool spaces and Dumb spaces

7. What do the kids do? 69 respondents

8. Preferred after-school activities – ranked on level of “fun” (n=69)

9. How young people want to be treated by adults (n=69)

10. Family activities parents suggested • Debating (children vs. parents) • Charades • A water-fight • Bullrush • Performance evening • Cricket • Dodge-ball • Quiz night (e.g. are you smarter than a 12 year old, kids vs. parents tables).

11. Major parent concern - Safety • Physical, educational (e.g. not putting their education at risk), and emotional safety was an important consideration for both young people and their parents. • Parents are unlikely to allow their children to participate in activities if they do not believe that the activity is safe, or if they do not have enough information with which to make this decision.

12. Preparing Find a research partner and do your background research on MPHS Study the interview guide, make sure that you understand each part of it, practice the interview with your partner Work out what your interview strategy is going to be, how the work is going be shared. Make sure you have a tape recorder and note paper for your interview.

13. Setting Up the Interview Contact the participant and organise the interview time and place. You’ll need about 1½ hours to meet If the interview is happening at Unitec or a quiet coffee bar, offer a cup of tea or coffee and have water available. If you are going to their home, bring a packet of biscuits.  Do your greetings and chat briefly about something or a person that connects you, or just talk about the weather, life in general, etc. Get settled.

14. Use an Information Sheet Make sure the participant has a chance to read Information Sheet and signs a Consent Form Go over what is expected (in detail if you haven’t had a previous face-to-face conversation) Explain the purpose of the interview and clarify any doubts Address issues of confidentiality, risk and withdrawal. Explain the format of the interview, how long it takes (45 – 60 mins), how it will be recorded Explain what feedback will be provided Provide contact information of the interviewer

16. Qualities of a good interviewer • Informed – they have many ideas about where the topic might go • Prepared – they are clear about what they investigating, and have clear and accessible questions. • Engaged – they are deeply interested in the nuances of the participant’s discourse • Reflective – follow up on hints and paradoxes, checking that their interpretation is correct. • Remembering – they don’t ask questions about areas that have already come up in answers to previous questions. • Consistent – they ensure that all areas that they needed to cover in the interview have been covered.

17. What to do • Ask open-ended questions • Ask questions that allow participants to describe situations and events relevant to the topic • Ask specific, detailed questions in the participant’s own language • Ask only one question at a time • Ask questions that imply a before, during, and after • Follow the person’s lead • Show interest with nonverbal (leaning forward, showing concern, looking, nodding) and verbal affirmations “oh”, “mmm”, “ah”, “I see” • Demonstrate comfort by having a relaxed disposition and posture.

18. What not to do • Avoid asking closed-ended questions or questions that ask for levels of agreement, except for confirmation purposes at the end. • Avoid asking abstract, complex or compound questions • Avoid pursuing areas of clear discomfort • Avoid interrupting the person, don’t rush into the gaps, be silent while people are thinking • Avoid extreme reactions to any particular details • Avoid agreeing or disagreeing or giving advice • Avoid asking “why" questions early – evaluative questions should come late in the interview • Take care about asking people abouttheir thoughts, feelings, or other "internal" states – often these are private or hard to access.

20. Clarifications and Finishing • When you receive a minimal or unclear answer to a question seek clarification: use prompts. • If the interviewee doesn’t want to say more about a particular question, that’s OK • TOWARDS THE END of the interview, check to see that you have not missed any questions. Fill in any gaps. • Debrief: When you’ve finished the questions ask them how was it for them to engage in the interview. • Thank the participant and ask if they would like to see a copy of the transcript, explain to them that they can change things that they don’t think are accurate

21. Post-interview Transcribe the taped interview, and when this is done and checked by you as accurate, erase the tape Send a copy of the transcript to the participant, asking if there is anything that needs to be changed Two photos (pasted as jpg files) with captions are included in the transcript. See Amplify