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Acute Kidney Injury

Every organ present inside our body performs specific functions, which are useful for balancing our health. The kidneys are paired organs of the excretory system that assist in the elimination of waste materials in the form of urine. Regulation of metabolites and secretion of specific hormones are other important functions performed by the kidneys.<br>

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Acute Kidney Injury

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  1. Acute Kidney Injury Causes | Symptoms | Treatment

  2. CAUSES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Acute Kidney Injury is common in the critically ill, especially in patients with sepsis and other forms of systemic inflammation, but other causes must be considered. Let us look at the most common causes. • Improper fluid balance • Elevated potassium levels • High blood urea nitrogen • High blood creatinine • Enlargement of prostate gland

  3. CONTINUE:- CAUSES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY • Exposure to toxins • Low volume of blood • Low urine production • Acute tubular necrosis • Interstitial nephritis • Acute nephritic syndrome • Clotting of kidney's blood vessels

  4. SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Diagnosis is carried out with blood tests and urine tests. The symptoms of acute renal failure are associated with a decrease in urine production and swelling in specific parts of the body. The symptoms are:  • Decreased urine production • Decreased appetite • Swelling of ankle, hands, and feet • Bloody stools

  5. CONTINUE:- SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY • High blood pressure • Bleeding of nose • Nausea • Vomiting • Bruising easily • Metallic taste in mouth • Decreased sensation • Rapid hiccups • Seizures • Sluggish movements

  6. TREATMENT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY • Pharmacologic therapy of AKI • Hemodialysis • Biocompatible membranes • Dopamine not recommended either as prophylaxis or treatment (Lancet 2000) esp in critically ill pts as proven in ANZICS trial where renal dose dopamine was not associated with any decrease in s/cr or RRT. • Diuretics • CRRT vs IHD

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